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arXiv 1007.0883hep-thhep-lat
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降维超Yang-Mills模型转动对称性的自发破缺

Spontaneous breaking of the rotational symmetry in dimensionally reduced super Yang-Mills models

Tatsumi Aoyama, Jun Nishimura, Toshiyuki Okubo

摘要:

研究了在D = 6,10维的矩阵模型中SO(D)对称性的自发破缺. D = 10的情形对应于IIB矩阵模型,它是IIB超弦理论的非微扰形式,自发破缺对应于该模型中提出的时空动力学紧化。首先,我们研究了D = 6的情况下,高斯展开的方法,这原来产生更清晰的结果比以前的结果为D = 10的情况下,由于某些技术原因。通过比较d = 2,3,4,5时SO(d)对称真空的自由能,我们得出了SO(6)\to SO(3)破缺确实发生的结论.我们发现时空在收缩方向上的范围几乎与d无关。在这种通用标度的单位中,延伸方向似乎有很大但仍然有限的范围,取决于d。我们表明,这些结果的时空的程度可以定量地解释的参数的基础上的低能有效理论。基于这些新的认识,我们重新考虑了IIB矩阵模型的已有结果,发现它们也与我们基于低能有效理论的观点一致。因此,我们对这些模型中发生的自发对称性破缺的性质有了全面的了解和一些定量的预测。IIB矩阵模型中出现的时空图像及其对模型可能解释的影响也进行了讨论。

英文摘要:

We investigate the spontaneous breaking of the SO(D) symmetry in matrix models, which can be obtained by the zero-volume limit of pure SU(N) super Yang-Mills theory in D = 6, 10 dimensions. The D = 10 case corresponds to the IIB matrix model, which was proposed as a non-perturbative formulation of type IIB superstring theory, and the spontaneous breaking corresponds to the dynamical compactification of space-time suggested in that model. First we study the D = 6 case by the Gaussian expansion method, which turns out to yield clearer results than the previous results for the D = 10 case for certain technical reasons. By comparing the free energy of the SO(d) symmetric vacua for d = 2, 3, 4, 5, we conclude that the breaking SO(6) \to SO(3) actually occurs. We find that the extent of space-time in the shrunken directions is almost independent of d. In units of this universal scale, the extended directions seem to have large but still finite extents depending on d. We show that these results for the extent of space-time can be explained quantitatively by an argument based on the low-energy effective theory. With these new insights, we reconsider the previous results for the IIB matrix model, and find that they are also consistent with our argument based on the low-energy effective theory. Thus we arrive at comprehensive understanding and some quantitative predictions concerning the nature of the spontaneous symmetry breaking taking place in these models. The space-time picture that emerges from the IIB matrix model and its implication on possible interpretations of the model are also discussed.

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