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arXiv 1007.0002astro-ph.SRastro-ph.EP
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南A型和F型星近伴星的深红外成像

Deep infrared imaging of close companions to austral A- and F-type stars

David Ehrenreich, Anne-Marie Lagrange, Guillaume Montagnier, Gaël Chauvin, Franck Galland, Jean-Luc Beuzit, Julien Rameau

摘要:

沿着主序星寻找不同质量恒星周围的亚恒星伴星对于理解导致低质量恒星、褐矮星和行星形成的不同过程至关重要。特别是,存在大量的低质量恒星和褐矮星物理上与早期型主序星相结合,这可能意味着最近在A型恒星周围以宽间距(10-100 AU)成像的大质量行星是在双星分布的低质量尾部的盘状物体。我们的目标是通过探测10到500 AU之间的褐矮星或低质量恒星伴星来表征早期型主序星的环境。2005年至2009年期间,使用VLT/NaCo和CFHT/PUEO仪器获得了38颗南部A型和F型恒星样本的高对比度和高角分辨率近红外图像。多时期的观察进行区分共动同伴的背景污染物。大约有41个伴星候选者被成像在23颗恒星周围。对这些恒星中83%的后续观测使我们能够识别出大量的背景污染物。本文报道了在6个复星系中探测到7颗质量在0.1 ~ 0.8 Msun之间的低质量恒星:发现A5 V星HD 14943周围的M2伴星,探测到F4 V星HD 41742四倍系统的B分量,并将F6.5V星HD 49095的已知伴星解析为由2颗M/L矮星组成的短周期双星系统。我们还解析了天体测量双星iot Crt(F6.5V)和26 Oph(F3 V)的伴星,并确定了F4 V恒星omi Gru的M3/M4伴星,与X射线源有关。在我们的A星和F星样本中测量的全球多重性分数> 16%。我们的恒星的平行测速调查让我们得出结论,成像的同伴可以影响所观察到的径向速度测量。

英文摘要:

The search for substellar companions around stars with different masses along the main sequence is critical to understand the different processes leading to the formation of low-mass stars, brown dwarfs, and planets. In particular, the existence of a large population of low-mass stars and brown dwarfs physically bound to early-type main-sequence stars could imply that the massive planets recently imaged at wide separations (10-100 AU) around A-type stars are disc-born objects in the low-mass tail of the binary distribution. Our aim is to characterize the environment of early-type main-sequence stars by detecting brown dwarf or low-mass star companions between 10 and 500 AU. High contrast and high angular resolution near-infrared images of a sample of 38 southern A- and F-type stars have been obtained between 2005 and 2009 with the instruments VLT/NaCo and CFHT/PUEO. Multi-epoch observations were performed to discriminate comoving companions from background contaminants. About 41 companion candidates were imaged around 23 stars. Follow-up observations for 83% of these stars allowed us to identify a large number of background contaminants. We report the detection of 7 low-mass stars with masses between 0.1 and 0.8 Msun in 6 multiple systems: the discovery of a M2 companion around the A5V star HD14943 and the detection of the B component of the F4V star HD41742 quadruple system; we resolve the known companion of the F6.5V star HD49095 as a short-period binary system composed by 2 M/L dwarfs. We also resolve the companions to the astrometric binaries iot Crt (F6.5V) and 26 Oph (F3V), and identify a M3/M4 companion to the F4V star omi Gru, associated with a X-ray source. The global multiplicity fraction measured in our sample of A and F stars is >16%. A parallel velocimetric survey of our stars let us conclude that the imaged companions can impact on the observed radial velocity measurements.

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