巨恒星VIII的精确径向速度。用CRIRES红外径向速度探测行星
Precise radial velocities of giant stars VIII. Testing for the presence of planets with CRIRES Infrared Radial Velocities
摘要：
我们已经在利克天文台用高精度光学多普勒光谱学监测了373颗非常明亮（V < 6等）的G和K巨星超过十年。我们的目标是发现这些恒星周围的行星同伴，并更好地了解中等质量恒星周围的行星形成和演化。然而，原则上，长期的g模式非径向恒星脉动或旋转的恒星特征，如斑点，可以有效地模拟径向速度数据中的行星信号。我们的目标是比较光学和红外径向速度为这些恒星周期性的径向速度模式，并测试其拟合径向速度半振幅的一致性。因此，我们区分过程内在的恒星轨道同伴的径向速度周期性观察到的光学的原因。用欧洲南方天文台VLT的CRIRES近红外摄谱仪在H波段拍摄了我们Lick巡天的20颗恒星的高光谱分辨率光谱。径向速度推导出使用许多深和稳定的大地CO2线精确的波长校准。我们发现，在我们的样本中的巨星的光学和近红外径向速度是一致的。我们提出了详细的结果，在我们的样本中，以前报告有行星或褐矮星的同伴。所有八颗恒星都通过了红外测试。我们的结论是，行星假说提供了最好的解释周期性的径向速度模式观察到这些巨星。
英文摘要：
We have been monitoring 373 very bright (V < 6 mag) G and K giants with high precision optical Doppler spectroscopy for more than a decade at Lick Observatory. Our goal was to discover planetary companions around those stars and to better understand planet formation and evolution around intermediate-mass stars. However, in principle, long-term, g-mode nonradial stellar pulsations or rotating stellar features, such as spots, could effectively mimic a planetary signal in the radial velocity data. Our goal is to compare optical and infrared radial velocities for those stars with periodic radial velocity patterns and to test for consistency of their fitted radial velocity semiamplitudes. Thereby, we distinguish processes intrinsic to the star from orbiting companions as reason for the radial velocity periodicity observed in the optical. Stellar spectra with high spectral resolution have been taken in the H-band with the CRIRES near-infrared spectrograph at ESO's VLT for 20 stars of our Lick survey. Radial velocities are derived using many deep and stable telluric CO2 lines for precise wavelength calibration. We find that the optical and near-infrared radial velocities of the giant stars in our sample are consistent. We present detailed results for eight stars in our sample previously reported to have planets or brown dwarf companions. All eight stars passed the infrared test. We conclude that the planet hypothesis provides the best explanation for the periodic radial velocity patterns observed for these giant stars.
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