用Spitzer/IRAC档案图像直接成像的行星质量伴星的中红外研究
A Mid-Infrared Study of Directly-Imaged Planetary-Mass Companions using Archival Spitzer/IRAC Images
摘要：
行星质量和亚恒星伴星的大气层和吸积盘为行星和月球的形成过程提供了前所未有的视角，最值得注意的是环行星盘的频率和寿命。在我们正在进行的利用斯皮策/红外阵列相机（IRAC）在3.6、4.5、5.8和8.0 $μ$ m处的非凡灵敏度来研究衍射极限附近的宽行星质量和亚恒星伴星的努力中，我们提出了点扩散函数（PSF）拟合测光的档案斯皮策/IRAC图像的九颗恒星（G 0到M4+M7）在附近的恒星形成区或恒星协会中，在$ρ= 1.17^{\prime\prime}-12.33^{\prime\prime}$的分离处有伴星。我们在所有四个IRAC通道中检测所有系统原色，并在至少一个IRAC通道中为我们的样本恢复八个低质量同伴，其中五个在IRAC图像中以前没有解决。我们测量非光球$[3.6]-[8.0]$颜色的四个系统的同伴（DH头B，2 M0441 B，SR 12 C，ROXs 42 B B），确认或发现存在的拱星或circum（子）恒星盘。我们检测到的通量与光球发射的其他四个同伴（AB Pic b，CHXR 73 b，1 RXS J1609 b，HD 203030 b）是不太可能主机磁盘。结合过去的吸积或磁盘指标的检测，我们确定的全球磁盘频率年轻（$<$ 15百万年）广泛的同伴与质量附近的氘燃烧极限是$56\%\pm12\%$。
英文摘要：
The atmospheres and accretion disks of planetary-mass and substellar companions provide an unprecedented look into planet and moon formation processes, most notably the frequency and lifetime of circumplanetary disks. In our ongoing effort to leverage the extraordinary sensitivity of the Spitzer/Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) at 3.6, 4.5, 5.8, and 8.0 $μ$m to study wide planetary-mass and substellar companions near the diffraction limit, we present point-spread function (PSF) fitting photometry of archival Spitzer/IRAC images for nine stars (G0 to M4+M7) in nearby star-forming regions or stellar associations that host companions at separations of $ρ= 1.17^{\prime\prime}-12.33^{\prime\prime}$. We detect all system primaries in all four IRAC channels and recover eight low-mass companions in at least one IRAC channel for our sample, five of which have not been resolved previously in IRAC images. We measure non-photospheric $[3.6]-[8.0]$ colors for four of the system companions (DH Tau B, 2M0441 B, SR 12 c, ROXs 42B b), confirming or discovering the presence of circumstellar or circum(sub)stellar disks. We detect fluxes consistent with photospheric emission for four other companions (AB Pic b, CHXR 73 b, 1RXS J1609 b, HD 203030 b) that are unlikely to host disks. Combined with past detections of accretion or disk indicators, we determine the global disk frequency of young ($<$15 Myr) wide companions with masses near the deuterium-burning limit to be $56\%\pm12\%$.
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