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arXiv 1005.2707cond-mat.str-elcond-mat.stat-mech
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量子格里菲斯效应与金属中的模糊相变:理论与实验

Quantum Griffiths effects and smeared phase transitions in metals: theory and experiment

Thomas Vojta

摘要:

本文综述了无序巡游电子系统量子相变中稀有区效应的理论和实验研究。在总结了关于猝灭随机性下相变的几个基本概念后,我们引入了稀有区的概念并讨论了它们的重要性。然后,我们详细分析了不同的现象,可以出现在无序金属的磁量子相变,包括量子格里菲斯奇异性,模糊的相变,和集群玻璃的形成。对于每一种情况,我们讨论了由此产生的相图,并总结了各种可观的行为。然后,我们回顾了最近的几个实验,提供了这些罕见的区域现象的例子。最后,我们讨论目前的方法和开放的问题的局限性。

英文摘要:

In this paper, we review theoretical and experimental research on rare region effects at quantum phase transitions in disordered itinerant electron systems. After summarizing a few basic concepts about phase transitions in the presence of quenched randomness, we introduce the idea of rare regions and discuss their importance. We then analyze in detail the different phenomena that can arise at magnetic quantum phase transitions in disordered metals, including quantum Griffiths singularities, smeared phase transitions, and cluster-glass formation. For each scenario, we discuss the resulting phase diagram and summarize the behavior of various observables. We then review several recent experiments that provide examples of these rare region phenomena. We conclude by discussing limitations of current approaches and open questions.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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