主题的变化：改变电泳分离，可以有所作为
Variations on a theme: Changes to electrophoretic separations that can make a difference
摘要：
蛋白质的电泳分离广泛用于蛋白质组学分析，并且严重依赖于SDS电泳。这种分离模式几乎仅在执行一维分离时使用，并且通常表示二维分离的第二维。用于蛋白质组学的电泳分离使用稳健的、完善的方案。然而，多年来，几乎所有可能的参数的许多变化都已在文献中描述，当达到经典协议的限制时，它们可能带来决定性的优势。本文的目的是回顾这些变化中最重要的变化，以便读者可以了解如何根据需要改进或调整蛋白质分离。本文综述了用于SDS电泳、基于等电聚焦的双向电泳和基于阳离子区带电泳的双向电泳的凝胶结构、缓冲系统和洗涤剂。
英文摘要：
Electrophoretic separations of proteins are widely used in proteomic analyses, and rely heavily on SDS electrophoresis. This mode of separation is almost exclusively used when a single dimension separation is performed, and generally represents the second dimension of two-dimensional separations. Electrophoretic separations for proteomics use robust, well-established protocols. However, many variations in almost all possible parameters have been described in the literature over the years, and they may bring a decisive advantage when the limits of the classical protocols are reached. The purpose of this article is to review the most important of these variations, so that the readers can be aware of how they can improve or tune protein separations according to their needs. The chemical variations reviewed in this paper encompass gel structure, buffer systems and detergents for SDS electrophoresis, two-dimensional electrophoresis based on isoelectric focusing and two-dimensional electrophoresis based on cationic zone electrophoresis.
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