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arXiv 1005.0396cond-mat.str-el
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量子临界点附近的电子自能

Electron self-energy near a nematic quantum critical point

Markus Garst, Andrey V. Chubukov

摘要:

我们考虑了二维各向同性费米液体在n=2波梅兰丘克不稳定性附近的电荷通道。序参量是具有两个极化的四极应力张量,纵向和横向于四极动量张量。纵向和横向玻色模的动力学指数分别为z_parallel=3和z_perp=2。先前的研究发现,这样的系统表现出多尺度量子临界性,具有两个不同的能量尺度ω ~ xi^{- z_{parallel,perp} },其中xi是相关长度。我们研究了多能量标度对电子格林函数的影响。已知与临界z_parallel =3模式的相互作用会产生局部自能,该局部自能在大于能量标度ω ~ xi^{-3}的频率下形成非费米液体形式,即Sigma(omega)~ omega^{2/3}。我们发现,z_perp=2的横向涨落交换导致准粒子剩余Z和顶点Gamma的几何奇异重整化.我们推导并求解了Z和Gamma流的重整化群方程,并证明了系统在量子临界点(QCP)处发展出反常维数。因此,在固定的ω和变化的k处的谱函数具有非洛伦兹形式。远离QCP,我们发现Z的流动在能量标度omega_{FL} ~ xi^{-1}处被切断,这与电子的z=1动力学有关。z_perp=2的能量标度,ω ~ xi^{-2},只有在理论中包括横向涨落的自相互作用时,才影响Z的流动。

英文摘要:

We consider an isotropic Fermi liquid in two dimensions near the n=2 Pomeranchuk instability in the charge channel. The order parameter is a quadrupolar stress tensor with two polarizations, longitudinal and transverse to the quadrupolar momentum tensor. Longitudinal and transverse bosonic modes are characterized by dynamical exponents z_parallel=3 and z_perp=2, respectively. Previous studies have found that such a system exhibits multiscale quantum criticality with two different energy scales omega ~ xi^{-z_{parallel,perp}}, where xi is the correlation length. We study the impact of the multiple energy scales on the electron Green function. The interaction with the critical z_parallel =3 mode is known to give rise to a local self-energy that develops a non-Fermi liquid form, Sigma(omega) ~ omega^{2/3} for frequencies larger than the energy scale omega ~ xi^{-3}. We find that the exchange of transverse z_perp=2 fluctuations leads to a logarithmically singular renormalizations of the quasiparticle residue Z and the vertex Gamma. We derive and solve renormalization group equations for the flow of Z and Gamma and show that the system develops an anomalous dimension at the nematic quantum-critical point (QCP). As a result, the spectral function at a fixed omega and varying k has a non-Lorentzian form. Away from the QCP, we find that the flow of Z is cut at the energy scale omega_{FL} ~ xi^{-1}, associated with the z=1 dynamics of electrons. The z_perp=2 energy scale, omega ~ xi^{-2}, affects the flow of Z only if one includes into the theory self-interaction of transverse fluctuations.

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