We aim at deriving an equation of motion for specific sums of momentum mode occupation numbers from models for electrons in periodic lattices experiencing elastic scattering, electron-phonon scattering or electron-electron scattering. These sums correspond to "grains" in momentum space. This equation of motion is supposed to involve only a moderate number of dynamical variables and/or exhibit a sufficiently simple structure such that neither its construction nor its analyzation/solution requires substantial numerical effort. To this we end compute, by means of a projection operator technique, a linear(ized) collision term which determines the dynamics of the above grain-sums. This collision term results as non-singular, finite dimensional rate matrix and may thus be inverted regardless of any symmetry of the underlying model. This facilitates calculations of, e.g., transport coefficients, as we demonstrate for a 3-dim. Anderson model featuring weak disorder.
On the number of Bose-selected modes in driven-dissipative ideal Bose gases
在理想玻色气体中,如果被驱动到远离热平衡的稳定状态,则会发生广义形式的玻色凝聚。也就是说,单粒子状态明确地分为两组:玻色选择状态组,其占用随总粒子数线性增加,以及所有其他状态的占用饱和组[Phys. Rev. Lett. 111,240405(2013)]。然而,到目前为止,关于玻色选择态的数量如何取决于系统的性质及其与环境的耦合,人们知之甚少。这个问题的答案是至关重要的,因为拥有单个、几个或大量玻色选择态的系统将表现出相当不同的行为。虽然在前两种情况下,每个选定的模式获得宏观占领,对应于(破碎)玻色凝聚,后一种情况下,而承担类似的高温状态的物质。本文系统地研究了玻色选择态的数目,考虑了在弱系统-浴耦合极限下表征驱动耗散理想玻色气体的不同类速率矩阵。这些包括率矩阵与连续极限,率矩阵的混沌驱动系统,随机率矩阵,和率矩阵产生的热浴耦合到少数几个可观的。
Non-equilibrium steady states of ideal bosonic and fermionic quantum gases
本文研究了玻色子和费米子驱动耗散理想量子气体的非平衡定态。我们专注于尖锐的粒子数的系统,驱动出平衡的耦合到几个不同温度的热浴或通过时间周期驱动结合耦合到一个热浴。在(Floquet-)Born-Markov理论的框架内,详细描述了几种分析和数值方法。这包括一个平均场论的占领数,一个增广的平均场论,考虑到也非平凡的两粒子相关性,和量子跳跃型蒙特卡罗模拟。对于理想费米气体的情况,这些方法被应用到简单的晶格模型,并指出通过浴工程实现奇异态的可能性。这项工作的最大部分致力于玻色量子气体和玻色选择现象,玻色选择是玻色凝聚的非平衡概括,其中选择多个单粒子态以获得大的占据[Phys. Rev. Lett. 111,240405(2013)]。在这种情况下,除其他外,我们提供了一个理论的过渡所选择的状态的变化,描述了一个有效的算法来找到所选择的状态的集合,调查超越平均场效应,并确定在玻色选择状态的热传输的主导机制。
Quench dynamics and quantum flutter properties of one-dimensional attractive single-spin flipped Fermi gases
Institute of Theoretical Physics, Shanxi University(山西大学理论物理研究所);State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics Technologies and Devices, Shanxi University(山西大学量子光学与光量子器件国家重点实验室);Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University(山西大学极端光学协同创新中心)
Master Equation for a Quantum Gas of Polarizable Particles in Cavities
Universität des Saarlandes(萨尔兰大学);University of Geneva(日内瓦大学);Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems(马克斯·普朗克复杂系统物理研究所);Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich(苏黎世联邦理工学院);University of Bonn(波恩大学)