Anisotropic Structure of the Order Parameter in FeSe_{0.4}Te_{0.6} Revealed by Angle Resolved Specific Heat
B. Zeng, G. Mu, H. Q. Luo, T. Xiang, H. Yang, L. Shan, C. Ren, I. I. Mazin, P. C. Dai, H. -H. Wen
备注:
This paper has been withdrawn by the authors. This paper is replaced by a new one appearing on 22 July 2010, arXiv.1007.3597. A mistake in determining the angular positions of minima/maxima of C/T with respect to the crystallographic axes in the original paper is corrected, together with the new and repeatable data obtained from a new sample with much improved quality. The new paper arXiv:1007.1007.3597 supersedes this paper arXiv:1004.2236
The symmetry and structure of the superconducting gap in the Fe-based superconductor are the central issue for understanding these novel materials. So far the experimental data and theoretical models have been highly controversial. Some experiments favor two or more constant or nearly-constant gaps, others indicate strong anisotropy and yet others suggest gap zeros ("nodes"). Theoretical models also vary, suggesting that the absence or presence of the nodes depends quantitatively on the model parameters. An opinion that has gained substantial currency is that the gap structure, unlike all other known superconductors, including cuprates, may be different in different compounds within the same family. A unique method for addressing this issue, one of the very few methods that are bulk and angle-resolved, calls for measuring the electronic specific heat in a rotating magnetic field, as a function of field orientation with respect to the crystallographic axes. In this Communication we present the first such measurement for an Fe-based high-Tc superconductor (FeBSC). We observed a fourfold oscillation of the specific heat as a function of the in-plane magnetic field direction, which allowed us to identify the locations of the gap minima (or nodes) on the Fermi surface. Our results place severe restrictions on the gap structure and on the existing theoretical models.
Sulfur-induced magnetism in FeSe$_{1-x}$S$_x$ thin films on LaAlO$_3$ revealed by muon spin rotation/relaxation
利用μ子自旋旋转/弛豫测量研究了FeSePDMATHABMM S $_x$薄膜在LaAlO $_3$上的磁性.一个急剧下降的初始不对称性观察到的峰结构的μ子自旋的弛豫速率的温度依赖性几乎在相同的温度下,扭结异常,观察到的温度依赖性的电阻率。随着S含量的增加,异常温度升高,最低温度处的磁起伏受到抑制。这些结果表明,S替代诱导磁性在低温下在FeSe $_{1-x}$ S $_x$薄膜。虽然FeSe薄膜中的磁性相和非磁性相对化学压力的行为与体相FeSe对流体静压的行为相似,但是$T_{\mathrm c}$的行为在这些系统之间是显著不同的。我们的研究结果表明,详细的物理和化学压力效应之间的比较研究是非常重要的理解铁硫属化合物的磁性,向列性和超导性的相互作用。
Highly Anisotropic Superconducting Gap in Nematically Ordered and Tetragonal Phases of FeSe$_{1-x}$S$_x$
FeSe具有独特的基态,其中在环境压力下,超导性与非磁性有序共存,而没有长程磁有序。在这里,研究如何配对相互作用的发展与向列性,我们测量了FeSe $_{1-x}$ S $_x$的热导率和比热,其中向列性被抑制的等电子硫取代。我们发现,在整个双($0\leq x \leq 0.17$)和四($x=0.20$)制度,小磁场的应用导致这两个量的急剧增加。这表明在超导能隙函数中存在深的极小值或线节点,意味着在超导体的超导态和四超导态中,对相互作用是显著的各向异性。此外,目前的结果表明,在四氢呋喃制度的间隙极小值/节点的位置似乎是本质上不同于在四氢呋喃制度。这些结果对目前的理论提出了重要的限制。
Highly anisotropic and two-fold symmetric superconducting gap in nematically ordered FeSe$_{0.93}$S$_{0.07}$
FeSe表现出一种新的基态,在这种基态中,在没有任何长程磁序的情况下,超导性与磁序共存。本文报道了FeSe $_{0.93}$ S $_{0.07}$超导态超导能隙结构的角分辨光电子能谱研究。我们发现,在布里渊区Z点附近的椭圆形空穴周围,超导能隙表现出明显的2倍各向异性,能隙最小值出现在其长轴的端点处,而在布里渊区中心和区角附近没有观察到可探测的能隙。大的各向异性和节隙分布表明了向列性对超导电性的重要影响,从而对现有理论提出了很强的限制。
Nanoscale electronic inhomogeneity in FeSe$_{0.4}$Te$_{0.6}$ revealed through unsupervised machine learning
我们报告了FeSe $_{0.4}$ Te $_{0.6}$中明显的低能纳米级电子不均匀性,这是由于通过无监督机器学习揭示的硒和碲原子的分布。通过一个无监督的聚类算法,特征光谱的硒和碲丰富的地区进行了识别。与这些光谱相关的不均匀性可以在微分电导中清楚地追踪到,并且在费米能量的几个电子伏以及几个百万电子伏的能量尺度上都可以检测到。与ARPES相比,这种不均匀性可以与费米能量之上的类电子能带联系起来。它与硒和碲的局部分布有直接关系。与超导能隙的大小没有明显的相关性,然而相干峰的高度与检测到该带的强度以及因此与局部化学成分显着相关。
Anomalous contribution to the nematic electronic states from the structural transition in FeSe revealed by time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
Orbital superconductivity, defects and pinned nematic fluctuations in the doped iron chalcogenide FeSe$_{0.45}$Te$_{0.55}$
我们表明,差分电导,$dI/dV$,通过光谱成像扫描隧道显微镜测量的掺杂铁硫属化物FeSe $_{0.45}$ Te $_{0.55}$,具有一系列的特征,允许一个提取的超导间隙的轨道结构。这在两个类空穴费米面上产生了近各向同性的超导带隙,而在类电子费米面上产生了强各向异性的带隙。此外,我们表明,钉扎由缺陷的涨落可以引起一个哑铃状的空间结构的诱导杂质束缚态,并解释了相关的$C_2$ -对称性的傅立叶变换微分电导。
Pressure Induced Stripe-order Antiferromagnetism and First-order Phase Transition in FeSe
为了阐明FeSe的磁结构和向列性的起源,我们对FeSe单晶进行了高压$^{77}$ Se NMR研究。我们发现,抑制的结构转变温度与压力高达约2 GPa的各向异性的奈特位移。在2GPa以上,打破空间四重旋转对称性的条序反铁磁性由不同场取向下的NMR谱确定,温度低至50 mK。磁相变是一级相变,这意味着存在一个伴随的结构转变通过自旋-晶格耦合。条纹型自旋波动在高温下观察到,并保持强大的压力。这些结果为FeSe中向列性和磁性之间的强耦合提供了明确的证据,从而支持了铁基超导体中磁驱动向列性的普遍假设。
Nonmonotonic Evolution of the Superconducting Transition Temperature and Robust Multigap Extended s-wave + s-wave Pairing in Zn-Substituted FeSe Single Crystals
Department of Applied Physics, Anhui Medical University(安徽医科大学应用物理系);Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China(中国科学技术大学微尺度物质科学国家研究中心);Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab(劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室材料科学部);Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley(加州大学伯克利分校材料科学与工程系);Engineering Technology Research Center of Magnetic Materials, School of Physics & Materials Science, Anhui University(安徽大学物理与材料科学学院磁性材料工程技术研究中心);Anhui Key Laboratory of Low-Energy Quantum Materials and Devices, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院强磁场科学中心安徽省低能量子材料与器件重点实验室);Materials Characterization and Preparation Facility, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou)(香港科技大学(广州)材料表征与制备平台);Advanced Materials Thrust, Function Hub, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou)(香港科技大学(广州)功能枢纽先进材料领域);Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau(澳门大学应用物理学与材料工程研究所);Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China(中国科学技术大学化学系)
Evidence for d-wave superconductivity in single layer FeSe/SrTiO3 probed by quasiparticle scattering off step edges
de Gennes外推长度是超导体边界附近配对能隙空间演化的方向依赖性度量,因此提供了探测其对称性的可行手段。对于平面s波对,它可能是无限的和各向同性的,而对于d波对,它可能是有限的和各向异性的。在这里,我们合成单层FeSe薄膜SrTiO 3(001)(STO)衬底上的分子束外延,并测量德热内外推长度的扫描隧道显微镜/光谱。我们发现镜面[110]Fe边缘附近的超导能隙减少了40%,得到的外推长度为8.0 nm。然而,在镜面[010]Fe边缘附近,外推长度几乎是无限的。这些发现与具有2重对称性的相变配对一致,表明d波超导性。这进一步得到了镜面[110]Fe边缘附近的带隙状态的存在的支持,但不是[010]Fe边缘。这一工作为单层FeSe/STO中d波超导电性提供了直接的实验证据,并证明了准粒子边界散射是铁基超导体中对对称性的一种可行的相敏探针。
Evidence for a two-fold symmetric superconducting gap in a monolayer of FeSe$_{0.5}$Te$_{0.5}$ on a topological insulator
利用低温扫描隧道谱(STS)研究了生长在三维拓扑绝缘体Bi $_{2}$ Se $_{1.2}$ Te $_{1.8}$上的FeSe $_{0.5}$ Te $_{0.5}$单层膜的超导性质.虽然形态和整体的转变温度类似于那些类似的掺杂块状晶体,空间分辨光谱数据在1.1K的超导能隙中显示出更大的空间不均匀性。尽管间隙的不均匀性,所有的光谱可以拟合与一个双重的各向异性s波间隙函数。从Bogoliubov准粒子干涉(QPI)图中可以明显看出间隙对称性的双重性质,该图显示了不同的C $_{2}$对称散射强度。我们认为,间隙的不均匀性出现的结果,在我们的系统中的内在无序无序类似于无序的传统超导体。尽管我们的大部分研究结果与目前对相应体系统的理解明显不同,但它为研究Fe硫属化物中的非常规超导性提供了一个理想的平台,该硫属化物减薄到单层并靠近拓扑绝缘体。