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arXiv 1004.1853astro-ph.SR
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红超巨星的色球和风:外层大气结构的经验观察

Chromospheres and Winds of Red Supergiants: An Empirical Look at Outer Atmospheric Structure

Philip D. Bennett

摘要:

质量在4到25倍太阳质量之间的恒星在主序后的生命中有相当一部分是红超巨星(RSG),并在此期间通过恒星风失去物质。对于质量大于10个太阳质量的RSG,这种质量损失具有演化意义,并可能决定了赫罗图中RSG的质量上限。尽管经过几十年的观察,RSG质量损失的驱动机制仍然未知。这主要是因为可从地面获得的光谱几乎不提供有用的风诊断,并且所获得的信息在整个风量上被空间平均。然而,在过去的十年中,哈勃空间望远镜(HST)的许多有用的紫外线风诊断观测已经获得了高信噪比和光谱分辨率。特别是,食双星中的RSG可以提供恒星色球和风的空间分辨观测。我审查可能的RSG风加速机制,讨论了一些观测限制,并提出了一些经验模型的RSG色球和风。

英文摘要:

Stars between about 4 and 25 solar masses spend a significant fraction of their post-main sequence lifetime as red supergiants (RSGs) and lose material via stellar winds during this period. For RSGs more massive than 10 solar masses, this mass loss becomes of evolutionary significance, and probably determines the upper mass limit of RSGs in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. Despite decades of observations, the driving mechanism responsible for mass loss in RSGs remains unknown. Mainly this is because the optical spectrum accessible from the ground provides almost no useful wind diagnostics, and what information is obtained is spatially averaged over the entire wind volume. However, within the last decade, Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations of many useful ultraviolet wind diagnostics have been obtained at a high signal-to-noise ratio and spectral resolution. In particular, RSGs in eclipsing binaries can provide spatially resolved observations of stellar chromospheres and winds. I review possible RSG wind acceleration mechanisms, discuss some observational constraints, and present some empirical models of RSG chromospheres and winds.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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