利用中性碳里德伯线诊断太阳色球层
Diagnostics for the solar chromosphere using neutral carbon Rydberg lines
AI总结：
本文通过研究中性碳里德伯线的诊断潜力，探讨其在太阳色球层大气反演中的应用，为未来EUVST观测提供理论支持。
摘要：
太阳色球层的诊断手段相对较少，与其他大气层部分相比。尽管如此，数百条由中性原子发射的里德伯线已在紫外波长下被观测到。本文通过利用最新的原子数据，研究这些线的诊断潜力。我们使用辐射传输代码Lightweaver，探讨这些线是如何形成的，以及它们如何响应大气中的温度、密度和微湍流速度扰动。为了简化建模，我们研究了由主量子数n≥10的能级发射的线，这些线预计会与单电荷离子的基态处于萨哈-玻尔兹曼平衡中。这些线的光学深度效应明显，其对大气扰动的响应表明它们在使用反演技术重建大气时将是有用的。本研究为利用多种元素在不同高度发射的许多此类线打开了途径，其中大量线将由即将来临的太阳-C EUV高通量光谱望远镜（EUVST）观测到。
英文摘要：
Diagnostics for the solar chromosphere are relatively few compared to other parts of the atmosphere. Despite this, hundreds of Rydberg lines emitted by neutrals in this region have been observed at UV wavelengths. Here, we investigate their diagnostic potential by modelling the lines emitted by neutral carbon using recent atomic data. We use the radiative transfer code Lightweaver to explore how they form and how they respond to temperature, density and micro-turbulent velocity perturbations in the atmosphere. To simplify the modelling, we investigate lines emitted from levels with principal quantum number $n\geq10$, which are expected to be in Saha-Boltzmann equilibrium with the ground state of the singly-charged ion. Optical depth effects are apparent in the lines and their response to atmospheric perturbations suggest that they will be useful in reconstructions of the atmosphere using inversions. The study opens the way for using many such lines emitted by multiple elements over a range of heights, a large number of which will be observed by the forthcoming Solar-C EUV High-throughput Spectroscopic Telescope (EUVST).
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