太阳低层大气中大气重力波的观测研究
Observational Study of the Atmospheric Gravity Waves in the lower Solar Atmosphere
AI总结：
本研究基于瑞典1米太阳望远镜多波段成像光谱观测，结合滤光图差值与等分线速度分析，揭示太阳色球层AGWs和声波的高度功率变化及磁通量集中区中沿针状物传播的低频AGWs。
摘要：
太阳色球层呈现出多种起源于光球层及更深层的波，这些波在不同高度引起具有不同频率的振荡。本研究利用瑞典1米太阳望远镜的Hα、Ca II IR和Fe I 6173 A成像光谱观测，在太阳大气内的多组高度对上识别并分析了大气重力波（AGWs）和声波。我们通过分析由滤光图差值法和等分线法获得的速度所生成的功率图，来研究和比较各种振荡。分析表明，对于这两种方法，太阳色球层中的功率均随高度持续增加。除此之外，结果显示AGWs在磁通量集中区域内部或附近被探测到，这些区域同时也是针状物占主导的地方，并在色球层中表现出显著功率。这些区域还具有倾斜磁场的特征，可能有助于这些低频AGWs在色球层中传播。考察针状物位置处的平均功率图可以发现，在不同色球高度上均存在AGWs频率处的显著功率。我们推测这些AGWs沿针状结构向上传播，而此前采用时空图的研究因其寿命有限而未能探测到它们。本研究为受磁场影响的太阳色球层波的复杂动力学提供了见解，有助于我们理解AGWs和声波在太阳大气不同层次间的传播。
英文摘要：
The solar chromosphere exhibits a variety of waves originating from the photosphere and deeper layers, causing oscillations at different heights with distinct frequencies. This study identifies and analyze Atmospheric Gravity Waves (AGWs) and acoustic waves at various height pairs within the solar atmosphere utilising H$α$, Ca II IR and Fe I 6173 A imaging spectroscopic observations from Swedish 1m Solar Telescope. We study and compare oscillations by analyzing power maps generated using velocities obtained from the filtergram difference and bisector methods. Our analysis shows a consistent increase in power with height in the solar chromosphere for both methods. In addition to this, our results show that AGWs are detected within or near magnetic flux concentration regions, where spicules are also predominant, exhibiting significant power in the chromosphere. These regions also feature inclined magnetic fields, which might be contributing to the propagation of these low-frequency AGWs in the chromosphere. Examining average power maps at spicule locations reveals significant power at AGWs frequency across different chromospheric heights. We speculate that these AGWs propagate upward along spicular structures and were not previously detected in the studies employing space-time map due to their limited lifetime. This study provides insights into the complex dynamics of solar chromospheric waves influenced by magnetic field, contributing to our understanding of AGWs and acoustic waves propagation across different layers of the solar atmosphere.
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