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arXiv 1003.3622math-phmath.MP
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具有自旋对称和赝自旋对称相互作用的Dirac方程的比较定理

Comparison theorems for the Dirac equation with spin-symmetric and pseudo-spin-symmetric interactions

Richard L. Hall, Ozlem Yesiltas

摘要:

单个狄拉克粒子在d维空间中被矢量V(r)和标量S(r)中心势束缚。研究了自旋对称S=V和赝自旋对称S = - V的情形,证明了如果两个这样的势是V^{(1)} \le V^{(2)}序的,则相应的离散本征值都是相似序的E_{κν} ^{(1)} \le E_{κν} ^{(2)}.这个比较定理允许我们使用包络理论来产生光谱近似与已知的精确解的帮助下,如库仑,谐波振荡器,和Kratzer潜力。给出了对数势V(r)= v \ln(r)的例子。由于$V(r)$是一个凸变换的可溶库仑势,这导致了一个紧凑的分析公式的下限的离散谱。将得到的基态下限曲线E_{L}(v)与通过直接数值积分得到的精确曲线图进行比较。

英文摘要:

A single Dirac particle is bound in d dimensions by vector V(r) and scalar S(r) central potentials. The spin-symmetric S=V and pseudo-spin-symmetric S = - V cases are studied and it is shown that if two such potentials are ordered V^{(1)} \le V^{(2)}, then corresponding discrete eigenvalues are all similarly ordered E_{κν}^{(1)} \le E_{κν}^{(2)}. This comparison theorem allows us to use envelope theory to generate spectral approximations with the aid of known exact solutions, such as those for Coulombic, harmonic-oscillator, and Kratzer potentials. The example of the log potential V(r) = v\ln(r) is presented. Since $V(r)$ is a convex transformation of the soluble Coulomb potential, this leads to a compact analytical formula for lower-bounds to the discrete spectrum. The resulting ground-state lower-bound curve E_{L}(v) is compared with an accurate graph found by direct numerical integration.

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