Residue currents associated with weakly holomorphic functions
Richard Lärkäng
备注：
28 pages. Updated with some corrections from the revision process. In particular, corrected and clarified some things in Section 5 and 6 regarding products of weakly holomorphic functions and currents, and the definition of the Bochner-Martinelli type currents
We construct Coleff-Herrera products and Bochner-Martinelli type residue currents associated with a tuple $f$ of weakly holomorphic functions, and show that these currents satisfy basic properties from the (strongly) holomorphic case, as the transformation law, the Poincaré-Lelong formula and the equivalence of the Coleff-Herrera product and the Bochner-Martinelli type residue current associated with $f$ when $f$ defines a complete intersection.
We give a local criterion in terms of a residue current for strong holomorphicity of a meromorphic function on an arbitrary pure-dimensional analytic variety. This generalizes a result by A Tsikh for the case of a reduced complete intersection.
Given a generically surjective holomorphic vector bundle morphism $f\colon E\to Q$, $E$ and $Q$ Hermitian bundles, we construct a current $R^f$ with values in $\Hom(Q,H)$, where $H$ is a certain derived bundle, and with support on the set $Z$ where $f$ is not surjective. The main property is that if $ϕ$ is a holomorphic section of $Q$, and $R^fϕ=0$, then locally $fψ=ϕ$ has a holomorphic solution $ψ$. In the generic case also the converse holds. This gives a generalization of the corresponding theorem for a complete intersection, due to Dickenstein-Sessa and Passare. We also present results for…
In this work we prove a Baum-Bott type residue theorem for flags of holomorphic foliations. We prove some relations between the residues of the flag and the residues of their correspondent foliations. We define the Nash residue for flags and we give a partial answer to the Baum-Bott type rationality conjecture in this context .
Let $\mathcal{F}$ be a singular codimension one holomorphic foliation on a compact complex manifold $X$ of dimension at least three such that its singular set has codimension at least two. In this paper, we determine Lehmann-Suwa residues of $\mathcal{F}$ as multiples of complex numbers by integration currents along irreducible complex subvarieties of $X$. We then prove a formula that determines the Baum-Bott residue of simple almost Liouvillian foliations of codimension one, in terms of Lehmann-Suwa residues, generalizing a result of Marco Brunella. As an application, we give sufficient condi…
We construct in complete intersection's case, elementary currents which describe the local ideal, and give a decomposition in it for holomorphic function.
Let $X$ be a complex manifold and $f\colon X\to \C^p$ a holomorphic mapping defining a complete intersection. We prove that the iterated Mellin transform of the residue integral associated to $f$ has an analytic continuation to a neighborhood of the origin in $\C^p$.
Given two ideals $\mathcal{I}$ and $\mathcal{J}$ of holomorphic functions such that $\mathcal{I} \subseteq \mathcal{J}$, we describe a comparison formula relating the Andersson-Wulcan currents of $\mathcal{I}$ and $\mathcal{J}$. More generally, this comparison formula holds for residue currents associated to two generically exact Hermitian complexes together with a morphism between the complexes. One application of the comparison formula is a generalization of the transformation law for Coleff-Herrera products to Andersson-Wulcan currents of Cohen-Macaulay ideals. We also use it to give an ana…
With a given holomorphic section of a Hermitian vector bundle, one can associate a residue current by means of Cauchy-Fantappiè-Leray type formulas. In this paper we define products of such residue currents. We prove that, in the case of a complete intersection, the product of the residue currents of a tuple of sections coincides with the residue current of the direct sum of the sections.
We prove the convergence of the normalized Fubini-Study measures and the logarithms of the Bergman kernels of various Bergman spaces of holomorphic and weakly holomorphic sections associated to a singular Hermitian holomorphic line bundle on an algebraic curve. Using this, we study the asymptotic distribution of the zeros of random sequences of sections in these spaces.
We consider inductive limits of weighted spaces of holomorphic functions in the unit ball of $\mathbb C^n$. The relationship between sets of uniqueness, weakly sufficient sets and sampling sets in these spaces is studied. In particular, the equivalence of these sets, under general conditions of the weights, is obtained.
Let $f_1$, $f_2$, and $f_3$ be holomorphic functions on a complex manifold and assume that the common zero set of the $f_j$ has maximal codimension, i.e., that it is a complete intersection. We prove that the iterated Mellin transform of the residue integral has an analytic continuation to a neighborhood of the origin in $\mathbb{C}^3$. We prove also that the natural regularization of the residue current converges unrestrictedly.
For a Cohen-Macaulay ideal of holomorphic functions, we construct by elementary means residue currents whose annihilator is precisely the given ideal. We give two proofs that the currents have the prescribed annihilator, one using the theory of linkage, and another using an explicit division formula involving these residue currents to express the ideal membership.
We describe various approaches to Coleff-Herrera products of residue currents $R^j$ (of Cauchy-Fantappiè-Leray type) associated to holomorphic mappings $f_j$. More precisely, we study to which extent (exterior) products of natural regularizations of the individual currents $R^j$ yield regularizations of the corresponding Coleff-Herrera products. Our results hold globally on an arbitrary pure-dimensional complex space.
In 1985 Diederich and Ohsawa proved that every disc bundle over a compact Kähler manifold is weakly 1-complete. In this paper, under certain conditions we generalize this result to the case of fiber bundles over compact Kähler manifolds whose fibers are bounded symmetric domains. Moreover if the bundle is obtained by the diagonal action on the product of irreducible bounded symmetric domains, we show that it is hyperconvex.
We study the residue current R^f of Bochner-Martinelli type associated with a tuple f=(f_1,...,f_m) of holomorphic germs at the origin in C^n, whose common zero set equals the origin. Our main results are a geometric description of R^f in terms of the Rees valuations associated with the ideal (f) generated by f and a characterization of when the annihilator ideal of R^f equals (f).
In this work we prove a Brunella-Khanedani-Suwa variational type residue theorem for currents invariant by holomorphic foliations. As a consequence, we give conditions for the leaves of a singular holomorphic foliation to accumulate in the intersection of the singular set of the foliation with the support of an invariant current.
A theorem of Weil and Atiyah says that a holomorphic vector bundle $E$ on a compact Riemann surface $X$ admits a holomorphic connection if and only if the degree of every direct summand of $E$ is zero. Fix a finite subset $S$ of $X$, and fix an endomorphism $A(x) \in \text{End}(E_x)$ for every $x \in S$. It is natural to ask when there is a logarithmic connection on $E$ singular over $S$ with residue $A(x)$ at every $x \in S$. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for it under the assumption that the residues $A(x)$ are rigid.
We show that a global holomorphic section of $\mathscr{O}(d)$ restricted to a closed complex subspace $X \subset \mathbb{P}^n$ has an interpolant if and only if it satisfies a set of moment conditions that involves a residue current associated with a locally free resolution of $\mathscr{O}_X$. When $X$ is a finite set of points in $\mathbb{C}^n \subset \mathbb{P}^n$ this can be interpreted as a set of linear conditions that a function on $X$ has to satisfy in order to have a polynomial interpolant of degree at most $d$.
We prove that the Coleff-Herrera residue current, corresponding to a pair of holomorphic functions defining a complete intersection, can be obtained as the unrestricted weak limit of a natural smooth $(0,2)$-form depending on two parameters. Moreover, we prove that the rate of convergence is Hölder. This result is in contrast to the fact, first discovered by Passare and Tsikh, that the residue integral in general is discontinuous at the origin. We also generalize our regularization results to pairs of so called Bochner-Martinelli, or more generally, Cauchy-Fantappie-Leray blocks in the case of…
Let $D$ be a strictly pseudoconvex domain and $X$ be a singular analytic set of pure dimension $n-1$ in $C^n$ such that $X\cap D\neq \emptyset$ and $X\cap bD$ is transverse. We give sufficient conditions for a function holomorphic on $D\cap X$ to admit a holomorphic extension which belongs to $L^q(D),$ $q\in [1,+\infty[$, or to $BMO(D)$. The extension is given by mean of integral representation formulas and residue currents.
A weak and a strong concept of plurifinely plurisubharmonic and plurifinely holomorphic functions are introduced. Strong will imply weak. The weak concept is studied further. A function f is weakly plurifinely plurisubharmonic if and only if f o h is finely subharmonic for all complex affine-linear maps h. As a consequence, the regularization in the plurifine topology of a pointwise supremum of such functions is weakly plurifinely plurisubharmonic, and it differs from the pointwise supremum at most on a pluripolar set. Weak plurifine plurisubharmonicity and weak plurifine holomorphy are preser…
Let $f$ be a $r\times m$-matrix of holomorphic functions that is generically surjective. We provide explicit integral representation of holomorphic $ψ$ such that $ϕ=fψ$, provided that $ϕ$ is holomorphic and annihilates a certain residue current with support on the set where $f$ is not surjective. We also consider formulas for interpolation. As applications we obtain generalizations of various results previously known for the case $r=1$.
For a holomorphic one-form $\mathbfξ$ on a weakly 1-complete manifold $X$ with certain properties, we discussed the connectivity of the pair $(\hat{X}, F^{-1}(z))$, where $π: \hat{X} \to X$ is a covering map and $dF=π^*\mathbfξ$. We also discussed the criteria about when such a manifold $X$ admits a proper holomorphic mapping onto a Riemann surface.
We study the weighted Bochner-Martinelli residue current R^p(f) associated with a sequence f=(f_1,...,f_m) of holomorphic germs at the origin in C^n, whose common zero set equals the origin, and p=(p_1,..., p_m)\in N^n. Our main results are a description of R^p(f) and its annihilator ideal in terms of the Rees valuations of the ideal generated by (f_1^{p_1},..., f_m^{p_m}) and an explicit description of R^p(f) when f is monomial. For a monomial sequence f we show that R^p(f) is independent of p if and only if f is a regular sequence.
Given a free resolution of an ideal $J$ of holomorphic functions, one can construct a vector valued residue current $R$, whose annihilator is precisely $J$. In this paper we compute $R$ in case $J$ is a monomial ideal and the resolution is a cellular resolution in the sense of Bayer and Sturmfels. A description of $R$ is given in terms of the underlying polyhedral cell complex and it is related to irreducible decompositions of $J$.
Let D be a strictly convex domain of C^n, f_1 and f_2 be two holomorphic functions defined on a neighborhood of closure of D and set X_l={z, f_l(z)=0}, l=1,2. Suppose that X_l\cap bD is transverse for l=1 and l=2, and that X_1\cap X_2 is a complete intersection. We give necessary conditions when n>1 and sufficient conditions when n=2 under which a function g to be written as g=g_1f_1+g_2f_2 with g_1 and g_2 in L^q(D), q\in [1,+\infty), or g_1 and g_2 in BMO(D). In order to prove the sufficient condition, we explicitly write down the functions g_1 and g_2 using integral representation formulas …
We give new a proof of the general Briançon-Skoda theorem about ideals of holomorphic functions by means of multivariable residue calculus. The method gives new variants of this theorem for products of ideals. Moreover, we obtain a related result for the ideal generated by the the subdeterminants of a matrix-valued generically surjective holomorphic function, generalizing the duality theorem for a complete intersection. We also provide explicit versions of the various results, including the general Briançon-Skoda theorem, with integral representation formulas.
Let M be a smooth locally embeddable CR manifold, having some CR dimension m and some CR codimension d. We find an improved local geometric condition on M which guarantees, at a point p on M, that germs of CR distributions are smooth functions, and have extensions to germs of holomorphic functions on a full ambient neighborhood of p. Our condition is a form of weak pseudoconcavity, closely related to essential pseudoconcavity as introduced in [HN1]. Applications are made to CR meromorphic functions and mappings. Explicit examples are given which satisfy our new condition,but which are not pseu…
We give an interpretation of the Riemann hypothesis in terms of complex and topological dynamics. For example, the Riemann hypothesis is affirmative and all zeros of the Riemann zeta function are simple if and only if a certain meromorphic function has no attracting fixed point. To obtain this, we use holomorphic index (residue fixed point index), which characterizes local properties of fixed points in complex dynamics.
Given a free resolution of an ideal $\mathfrak{a}$ of holomorphic functions, one can construct a vector-valued residue current, $R$, which coincides with the classical Coleff-Herrera product if $\mathfrak{a}$ is a complete intersection ideal and whose annihilator ideal is precisely ~$\mathfrak{a}$. We give a complete description of $R$ in the case when $\mathfrak{a}$ is an Artinian monomial ideal and the resolution is the hull resolution (or a more general cellular resolution), extending previous results by the second author. The main ingredient in the proof is a comparison formula for residue…
In this paper, we obtain optimal $L^2$ extension of holomorphic sections of a holomorphic vector bundle from subvarieties in weakly pseudoconvex Kähler manifolds. Moreover, in the case of line bundle the Hermitian metric is allowed to be singular.
In his paper "On the Number of Primes Less Than a Given Magnitude", Bernhard Riemann introduced a prime counting function F(x) which counts the number of primes under x. Riemann obtained an analytic expression for F(x) by evaluating an inverse Laplace Transform. His method involved advanced techniques of analysis. However, this transform can be evaluated using the Residue Theorem when an appropriate branch of log(zeta) is defined. In this paper, a method for constructing a holomorphic branch of log(zeta) extending to the left half-plane is described along with it's geometry surrounding the log…
In previous work of the authors and their collaborators (see Progress in Math, vol. 114, Birkäuser, 1993) it was shown how the equivalence of several constructions of residue currents associated to complete intersection families of (germs of) holomorphic functions in ${\bf C}^n$ could be profitably used to solve algebraic problems like effective versions of the Nullstellensatz. In this work we explain how an application of similar ideas in the non-complete intersection case leads to a remarkable algebraic result, namely: Let $P_1,...,P_n$ be $n$ polynomials in $n$ variables such that the zero …
In this paper we introduce (weakly) root graded Banach--Lie algebras and corresponding Lie groups as natural generalizations of group like $\GL_n(A)$ for a Banach algebra $A$ or groups like $C(X,K)$ of continuous maps of a compact space $X$ into a complex semisimple Lie group $K$. We study holomorphic induction from holomorphic Banach representations of so-called parabolic subgroups $P$ to representations of $G$ on holomorphic sections of homogeneous vector bundles over $G/P$. One of our main results is an algebraic characterization of the space of sections which is used to show that this spac…
Let $\mathcal{F}$ be a holomorphic foliation by curves defined in a neighborhood of $0$ in $\mathbb{C}^n$ ($n\geq 2$) having $0$ as a weakly hyperbolic singularity. Let $T$ be a positive harmonic current directed by $\mathcal{F}$ which does not give mass to any of the $n$ coordinate invariant hyperplanes $\{z_j=0\}$ for $1\leq j\leq n.$ Then we show that the Lelong number of $T$ at $0$ vanishes. Moreover, an application of this local result in the global context is given. We discuss also the relation between several basic notions such as directed positive harmonic currents, directed positive d…
A subbundle of a Hermitian vector bundle $(E, h)$ can be metrically and differentiably defined by the orthogonal projection onto this subbundle. A weakly holomorphic subbundle of a Hermitian holomorphic bundle is, by definition, an orthogonal projection $π$ lying in the Sobolev space $L^2_1$ of $L^2$ sections with $L^2$ first order derivatives in the sense of distributions, which satisfies furthermore $(\mathrm{Id}-π)\circ D''π=0$. We give a new simple proof of the fact that a weakly holomorphic subbundle of $(E, h)$ defines a coherent subsheaf of ${\cal O}(E),$ that is a holomorphic subbundle…
