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arXiv 0910.2763cond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.mtrl-sci
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石墨烯中分数量子霍尔效应的观察

Observation of the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect in Graphene

Kirill I. Bolotin, Fereshte Ghahari, Michael D. Shulman, Horst L. Stormer, Philip Kim

摘要:

当电子被限制在两维空间并受到强磁场的作用时,它们之间的库仑相互作用变得占主导地位,并可能导致诸如分数量子霍尔液体等新的物质状态。在这些液体中,与磁通量量子相连的电子形成复杂的复合准粒子,这表现在霍尔电导率的量子化中,作为电导量子的有理分式。最近在石墨烯中发现的反常整数量子霍尔效应为研究二维关联电子系统开辟了一条新的途径,其中相互作用的电子波函数是无质量手征费米子的波函数。然而,由于普遍的无序,石墨烯迄今为止只表现出弱的相关电子现象的签名,尽管协调一致的实验努力和强烈的理论兴趣。在这里,我们报告的分数量子霍尔效应在超净悬浮石墨烯的观察,支持存在磁场的存在下的强关联电子状态。此外,在低载流子密度下,石墨烯变成具有可通过磁场调节的能隙的绝缘体。这些新发现的量子态为研究强关联狄拉克费米子在大磁场中的新物质态提供了机会。

英文摘要:

When electrons are confined in two dimensions and subjected to strong magnetic fields, the Coulomb interactions between them become dominant and can lead to novel states of matter such as fractional quantum Hall liquids. In these liquids electrons linked to magnetic flux quanta form complex composite quasipartices, which are manifested in the quantization of the Hall conductivity as rational fractions of the conductance quantum. The recent experimental discovery of an anomalous integer quantum Hall effect in graphene has opened up a new avenue in the study of correlated 2D electronic systems, in which the interacting electron wavefunctions are those of massless chiral fermions. However, due to the prevailing disorder, graphene has thus far exhibited only weak signatures of correlated electron phenomena, despite concerted experimental efforts and intense theoretical interest. Here, we report the observation of the fractional quantum Hall effect in ultraclean suspended graphene, supporting the existence of strongly correlated electron states in the presence of a magnetic field. In addition, at low carrier density graphene becomes an insulator with an energy gap tunable by magnetic field. These newly discovered quantum states offer the opportunity to study a new state of matter of strongly correlated Dirac fermions in the presence of large magnetic fields.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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