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arXiv 0907.0500cond-mat.mes-hall
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二维晶体中Dirac锥运动与合并的普适哈密顿量

A universal Hamiltonian for the motion and the merging of Dirac cones in a two-dimensional crystal

G. Montambaux, F. Piechon, J. -N. Fuchs, M. O. Goerbig

摘要:

我们提出一个简单的哈密顿量来描述二维电子的电子谱中狄拉克点的运动和合并。这种合并是一种拓扑转变,它将具有两个狄拉克锥的半金属相与具有间隙的绝缘相分开。我们计算了态密度和比热。磁场B中的谱与双势阱中薛定谔方程的分辨率有关。它们服从一般标度律e_n \propto B^{2/3} f_n(Delta /B^{2/3}.它们从sqrt{n B}连续演化到线性(n+1/2)B相关性,在过渡处具有[(n+1/2)B]^{2/3}相关性。在拓扑转变附近的光谱是很好地描述了一个半经典量子化规则。该模型连续描述了与两个狄拉克点相关的谷之间的耦合,当接近过渡。它被应用到紧束缚模型的石墨烯及其推广时,一个跳跃参数是变化的。它显著地再现了蜂窝晶格的Rammal-Hofstadter谱的低场部分。

英文摘要:

We propose a simple Hamiltonian to describe the motion and the merging of Dirac points in the electronic spectrum of two-dimensional electrons. This merging is a topological transition which separates a semi-metallic phase with two Dirac cones from an insulating phase with a gap. We calculate the density of states and the specific heat. The spectrum in a magnetic field B is related to the resolution of a Schrodinger equation in a double well potential. They obey the general scaling law e_n \propto B^{2/3} f_n(Delta /B^{2/3}. They evolve continuously from a sqrt{n B} to a linear (n+1/2)B dependence, with a [(n+1/2)B]^{2/3} dependence at the transition. The spectrum in the vicinity of the topological transition is very well described by a semiclassical quantization rule. This model describes continuously the coupling between valleys associated with the two Dirac points, when approaching the transition. It is applied to the tight-binding model of graphene and its generalization when one hopping parameter is varied. It remarkably reproduces the low field part of the Rammal-Hofstadter spectrum for the honeycomb lattice.

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