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arXiv 0906.0847cond-mat.softcond-mat.dis-nn
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水动力应力下稠密胶体聚集体的破碎

Breakup of dense colloidal aggregates under hydrodynamic stresses

A. Zaccone, M. Soos, M. Lattuada, M. U. Baebler, M. Morbidelli

摘要:

流动诱导的胶体颗粒聚集导致具有相当高的分形维数()的聚集体,这是直接负责观察到的剪切分散体的流变性能。我们解决的问题,随着流体动力学应力的增加,作为解体的后果,通过补充实验在多通拉伸(层流)流装置的一个mechanics模型的聚集体尺寸的减少。证据表明,只要内部密度衰减与线性尺寸内的聚集体(由于分形)是不可忽略的(至于),这施加了很大的限制,流体动力学破碎过程相比,非分形聚集体(临界应力几乎是大小无关)。这是由于这样一个事实,即打破一个分形对象导致更密集的分形,更好地承受压力。在湍流中,考虑到湍流度,与层流情况相比,仅引入了一个小偏差,而模型预测与文献中的实验同样吻合良好。我们的研究结果总结在一个图中的破碎指数(管理的大小与应力缩放)作为分形维数的函数。

英文摘要:

Flow-induced aggregation of colloidal particles leads to aggregates with fairly high fractal dimension () which are directly responsible for the observed rheological properties of sheared dispersions. We address the problem of the decrease of aggregate size with increasing hydrodynamic stress, as a consequence of breakup, by means of a fracture-mechanics model complemented by experiments in a multi-pass extensional (laminar) flow device. Evidence is shown that as long as the inner density decay with linear size within the aggregate (due to fractality) is not negligible (as for), this imposes a substantial limitation to the hydrodynamic fragmentation process as compared with non-fractal aggregates (where the critical stress is practically size-independent). This is due to the fact that breaking up a fractal object leads to denser fractals which better withstand stress. In turbulent flows, accounting for intermittency introduces just a small deviation with respect to the laminar case, while the model predictions are equally in good agreement with experiments from the literature. Our findings are summarized in a diagram for the breakup exponent (governing the size versus stress scaling) as a function of fractal dimension.

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