arXiv 0902.40092009-02-23hep-exphysics.ins-det

高能中微子物理与液体闪烁探测器

High Energy Neutrino Physics with Liquid Scintillation Detectors

John G. Learned

备注：: 8 pages, 5 figures

摘要：

大型液体闪烁探测器通常专用于MeV能量范围内的低能中微子测量（例如KamLAND和Borexino）。本文介绍了大型探测器（>1千吨级）在研究来自宇宙射线的高能中微子相互作用和作为长基线中微子探测器方面的潜在应用。一般来说，当人们考虑像Hanohano和LENA这样的大型新仪器时，他们已经放弃了用更高能量的中微子相互作用进行有用测量的可能性，因为这些仪器产生的光足以照亮每一个光电倍增管，而且闪烁光是各向同性的。在这里，我们考虑到费马的原则，它告诉我们，事实上，第一个光到达光电倍增管将在或附近的光锥，“费马表面”，方向跟踪信息是可用的。此外，我们已经认识到，粒子类型的区别是可能的（准弹性μ子从电子）。事实上，与SuperKamiokande大小相当的探测器的分辨率可能在角度，能量和可能的粒子类型方面都更好。这一认识为许多应用打开了大门。此外，这种能力可以通过使用（未来）KamLAND在日本Jaeri加速器新的长基线中微子束中检测到的事件来证明，该加速器将于今年开始运行。未来最有吸引力的可能性可能是使用Hanohano作为同一束中的可移动长基线探测器，在欧洲核子研究中心未来的长基线中微子束中使用LENA，以及在Homestake的DUSEL地下实验室中使用LENA。

英文摘要：

Large liquid scintillation detectors have been generally dedicated to low energy neutrino measurements, in the MeV energy region (as for example, KamLAND and Borexino). Herein we describe the potential employment of large detectors (>1 kiloton) for studies of higher energy neutrinos interactions, from the cosmic rays and as a long baseline neutrino detector. Generally when people have considered large new instruments such as Hanohano and LENA, they have abandoned the possibility of doing useful measurements with higher energy neutrino interactions since these produce enough light to illuminate every photomultiplier tube, and the scintillation light is isotropic. Here we take into account Fermat's principle, which tells us that indeed the first light to reach the PMTs will be on or near the lightcone, the "Fermat surface", and that directional track information is available. Moreover we have realized that particle type distinction is possible (quasi-elastic muons from electrons). In fact the resolution from a detector of comparable size to SuperKamiokande, may be better in both angle, energy and possibly particle type. This realization opens the doors to a number of applications. Moreover, this capability can be demonstrated with the use of (future) KamLAND detected events in the new long baseline neutrino beam from the Jaeri accelerator in Japan, due to start operations this year. Some of the most attractive possibilities for the future may be in using Hanohano as a movable long baseline detector in this same beam, the employment of LENA in Europe in future long baseline neutrino beams from CERN, and in the DUSEL underground laboratory at Homestake.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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