We prove a local index formula for a class of twisted spectral triples of type III modeled on the transverse geometry of conformal foliations with locally constant transverse conformal factor. Compared with the earlier proof of the untwisted case, the novel aspect resides in the fact that the twisted analogues of the JLO entire cocycle and of its retraction are no longer cocycles in their respective Connes bicomplexes. We show however that the passage to the infinite temperature limit, respectively the integration along the full temperature range against the Haar measure of the positive half-line, has the remarkable effect of curing in both cases the deviations from the cocycle identity.
We give a proof of an analogue of Connes' Hochschild character theorem for twisted spectral triples obtained from twisting a spectral triple by scaling automorphisms, under some suitable conditions. We also survey some of the properties of twisted spectral triples that are known so far.
We investigate the regularity condition for twisted spectral triples. This condition is equivalent to the existence of an appropriate pseudodifferential calculus compatible with the spectral triple. A natural approach to obtain such a calculus is to start with a twisted algebra of abstract differential operators, in the spirit of Higson. Under an appropriate algebraic condition on the twisting, we obtain a pseudodifferential calculus which admits an asymptotic expansion, similarly to the untwisted case. We present some examples coming from the theory of quantum groups. Finally we discuss zeta …
We examine the index data associated to twisted spectral triples and higher order spectral triples. In particular, we show that a Lipschitz regular twisted spectral triple can always be `logarithmically dampened' through functional calculus, to obtain an ordinary (i.e. untwisted) spectral triple. The same procedure turns higher order spectral triples into spectral triples. We provide examples of highly regular twisted spectral triples with nontrivial index data for which Moscovici's ansatz for a twisted local index formula is identically zero.
Twisted spectral triples are a twisting of the notion of spectral triple aiming at dealing with some type III geometric situations. In the first part of the paper, we give a geometric construction of the index map of a twisted spectral triple in terms of $σ$-connections on finitely generated projective modules. This makes it more transparent the analogy with the indices of Dirac operators with coefficients in vector bundles. In the second part, we give a direct construction of the Connes-Chern character of a twisted spectral, both in the invertible and non-invertible cases. Combining these two…
The goal of this paper is to construct a calculus whose higher indices are naturally elements in the twisted K-theory groups for Lie groupoids. Given a Lie groupoid $G$ and a $PU(H)$-valued groupoid cocycle, we construct an algebra of projective pseudodifferential operators. The subalgebra of regularizing operators identifies with the naturally associated smooth convolution algebra of the associated twisted gerbe. We develop the associated symbolic calculus, symbol short exact sequences and existence of parametrices. In particular the algebra of projective operators appears as a quantization o…
We initiate the study of a q-deformed geometry for quantum SU(2). In contrast with the usual properties of a spectral triple, we get that only twisted commutators between algebra elements and our Dirac operator are bounded. Furthermore, the resolvent only becomes compact when measured with respect to a trace on a semifinite von Neumann algebra which does not contain the quantum group. We show that the zeta function at the identity has a meromorphic continuation to the whole complex plane and that a large family of local Hochschild cocycles associated with our twisted spectral triple are twiste…
This paper presents, by example, an index theory appropriate to algebras without trace. Whilst we work exclusively with the Cuntz algebras the exposition is designed to indicate how to develop a general theory. Our main result is an index theorem (formulated in terms of spectral flow) using a twisted cyclic cocycle where the twisting comes from the modular automorphism group for the canonical gauge action on the Cuntz algebra. We introduce a modified $K_1$-group of the Cuntz algebra so as to pair with this twisted cocycle. As a corollary we obtain a noncommutative geometry interpretation for A…
Starting with a spectral triple on a unital $C^{*}$-algebra $A$ with an action of a discrete group $G$, if the action is uniformly bounded (in a Lipschitz sense) a spectral triple on the reduced crossed product $C^{*}$-algebra $A\rtimes_{r} G$ is constructed in [Hawkins, Skalski, White, Zacharias. Mathematica Scandinavica 2013]. The main instrument is the Kasparov external product. We note that this construction still works for twisted crossed products when the twisted action is uniformly bounded in the appropriate sense. Under suitable assumptions we discuss some basic properties of the resul…
The notion of pseudo-differential operators with coefficients in a continuous trace algebra over a manifold are introduced and their index theory is studied. The algebra of principal symbols in this calculus provides an abstract Poincaré dual to the continuous trace algebra. Index formulas for pseudo-differential operators twisted by a bundle on the opposite continuous trace algebra are obtained in terms of an Atiyah-Singer type index formula describing the twisted index pairing as index theory for elliptic operators.
We propose a definition of a modular spectral triple which covers existing examples arising from KMS-states, Podles sphere and quantum SU(2). The definition also incorporates the notion of twisted commutators appearing in recent work of Connes and Moscovici. We show how a finitely summable modular spectral triple admits a twisted index pairing with unitaries satisfying a modular condition. The twist means that the dimensions of kernels and cokernels are measured with respect to two different but intimately related traces. The twisted index pairing can be expressed by pairing Chern characters i…
We continue the investigation of twisted homology theories in the context of dimension drop phenomena. This work unifies previous equivariant index calculations in twisted cyclic cohomology. We do this by proving the existence of the resolvent cocycle, a finitely summable analogue of the JLO cocycle, under weaker smoothness hypotheses and in the more general setting of `modular' spectral triples. As an application we show that using our twisted resolvent cocycle, we can obtain a local index formula for the Podles sphere. The resulting twisted cyclic cocycle has non-vanishing Hochschild class w…
We explain how a simple twisting of the notion of spectral triple allows to incorporate type III examples, such as those arising from the transverse geometry of codimension one foliations. Since the twisting of the commutators turns the usual hypertrace constructed out of the Dixmier trace into a twisted trace on the coordinate algebra, one would be tempted to interpret that as a manifestation of twisting at the level of cyclic cohomology, akin to that introduced by the authors in the context of Hopf cyclic cohomology. The main point of this note, besides giving simple natural examples of the …
We consider the Dirac operator of a general metric in the canonical conformal class on the noncommutative two torus, twisted by an idempotent (representing the $K$-theory class of a general noncommutative vector bundle), and derive a local formula for the Fredholm index of the twisted Dirac operator. Our approach is based on the McKean-Singer index formula, and explicit heat expansion calculations by making use of Connes' pseudodifferential calculus. As a technical tool, a new rearrangement lemma is proved to handle challenges posed by the noncommutativity of the algebra and the presence of an…
The analog of the Chern-Gauss-Bonnet theorem is studied for a $C^*$-dynamical system consisting of a $C^*$-algebra $A$ equipped with an ergodic action of a compact Lie group $G$. The structure of the Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ of $G$ is used to interpret the Chevalley-Eilenberg complex with coefficients in the smooth subalgebra $\mathcal{A} \subset A$ as noncommutative differential forms on the dynamical system. We conformally perturb the standard metric, which is associated with the unique $G$-invariant state on $A$, by means of a Weyl conformal factor given by a positive invertible element o…
Using a Cayley complex (generalizing the Cayley graph) and Clifford algebras, we are able to give, for a large class of finitely presented groups, a uniform construction of spectral triples with $D_{+}$ of index 1.
This paper is the the third part of a series of paper whose aim is to use of the framework of \emph{twisted spectral triples} to study conformal geometry from a noncommutive geometric viewpoint. In this paper we reformulate the inequality of Vafa-Witten \cite{VW:CMP84} in the setting of twisted spectral triples. This involves a notion of Poincaré duality for twisted spectral triples. Our main results have various consequences. In particular, we obtain a version in conformal geometry of the original inequality of Vafa-Witten, in the sense of an explicit control of the Vafa-Witten bound under co…
This paper, together with Part II, expands the results of math.DG/9803051. In Part I we study the twisted index theory of elliptic operators on orbifold covering spaces of compact good orbifolds, which are invariant under a projective action of the orbifold fundamental group. We apply these results to obtain qualitative results on real and complex hyperbolic spaces in 2 and 4 dimensions, related to generalizations of the Bethe-Sommerfeld conjecture and the Ten Martini Problem, on the spectrum of self adjoint elliptic operators which are invariant under a projective action of a discrete cocompa…
Using Cayley graphs and Clifford algebras, we are able to give, for every finitely generated groups, a uniform construction of spectral triples with a generically non-trivial phase for the Dirac operator. Unfortunatly $D_{+}$ is index $0$, but we are naturally led to an interesting classification of finitely generated groups into three types.
We prove that every commutative JB$^*$-triple has numerical index one. We also revisit the notion of commutativity in JB$^*$-triples to show that a JBW$^*$-triple $M$ has numerical index one precisely when it is commutative, while $e^{-1}\leq n(M) \leq 2^{-1}$ otherwise. Consequently, a JB$^*$-triple $E$ is commutative if and only if $n(E^*) =1$ (equivalently, $n(E^{**}) =1$). In the general setting we prove that the numerical index of each JB$^*$-triple $E$ admitting a non-commutative element also satisfies $e^{-1}\leq n(M) \leq 2^{-1}$, and the same holds when the bidual of $E$ contains a Ca…
Several formulas for computing coarse indices of twisted Dirac type operators are introduced. One type of such formulas is by composition product in $E$-theory. The other type is by module multiplications in $K$-theory, which also yields an index theoretic interpretation of the duality between Roe algebra and stable Higson corona.
This paper is the continuation of Part I, expanding previous results of math.DG/9803051. This paper uses techniques in noncommutative geometry as developed by Alain Connes in order to study the twisted higher index theory of elliptic operators on orbifold covering spaces of compact good orbifolds, which are invariant under a projective action of the orbifold fundamental group. We also compute the range of the higher cyclic traces on $K$-theory for cocompact Fuchsian groups, which is then applied to determine the range of values of the Connes-Kubo Hall conductance in the discrete model of the q…
We summarize the known obstructions to subfactors with principal graphs which begin with a triple point. One is based on Jones's quadratic tangles techniques, although we apply it in a novel way. The other two are based on connections techniques; one due to Ocneanu, and the other previously unpublished, although likely known to Haagerup. We then apply these obstructions to the classification of subfactors with index below 5. In particular, we eliminate three of the five families of possible principal graphs called "weeds" in the classification from arXiv:1007.1730.
We review the recent construction of semifinite spectral triples for graph C^*-algebras. These examples have inspired many other developments and we review some of these such as the relation between the semifinite index and the Kasparov product, examples of noncommutative manifolds, and an index theorem in twisted cyclic theory using a KMS state.
Given a spectral triple $(A,H,D)$ and a $C^*$-dynamical system $(\mathbf{A}, G, α)$ where $A$ is dense in $\mathbf{A}$ and $G$ is a locally compact group, we extend the triple to a triplet $(\mathcal{B},\mathcal{H},\mathcal{D})$ on the crossed product $G \ltimes_{α, \text{red}} \mathbf{A}$ which can be promoted to a modular-type twisted spectral triple within a general procedure exemplified by two cases: the $C^*$-algebra of the affine group and the conformal group acting on a complete Riemannian spin manifold.
We prove a local index formula in conformal geometry by computing the Connes-Chern character for the conformal Dirac (twisted) spectral triple recently constructed by Connes-Moscovici. Following an observation of Moscovici, the computation reduces to the computation of the CM cocycle of an equivariant Dirac (ordinary) spectral triple. This computation is obtained as a straightforward consequence of a new proof of the local equivariant index theorem of Patodi, Donelly-Patodi and Gilkey. This proof is obtained by combining Getzler's rescaling with an equivariant version of Greiner's approach to …
A Dirac operator D on the standard Podles sphere is defined and investigated. It yields a spectral triple such that |D|^{-z} is of trace class for Re z>0. Commutators with the Dirac operator give the distinguished 2-dimensional covariant differential calculus on the standard Podles sphere. The twisted cyclic cocycle associated with the volume form of the differential calculus is expressed by means of the Dirac operator.
We prove an index theorem for Toeplitz operators on the quarter-plane using the index theory for generalized Toeplitz operators introduced by G. J. Murphy. To prove this index theorem we construct an indicial triple on the tensor product of two C*-algebras provided with indicial triples with general conditions. We show that our results can be extended to some extensions of the theory of Toeplitz operators on the quarter-plane.
In [CPR2], we presented a K-theoretic approach to finding invariants of algebras with no non-trivial traces. This paper presents a new example that is more typical of the generic situation. This is the case of an algebra that admits only non-faithful traces, namely SU_q(2), and also KMS states. Our main results are index theorems (which calculate spectral flow), one using ordinary cyclic cohomology and the other using twisted cyclic cohomology, where the twisting comes from the generator of the modular group of the Haar state. In contrast to the Cuntz algebras studied in [CPR2], the computatio…
