arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 0901.2254cond-mat.softcond-mat.mtrl-sci
收藏

混合电介质溶剂中的离子:带电界面间的密度分布和渗透压

Ions in mixed dielectric solvents: density profiles and osmotic pressure between charged interfaces

Dan Ben-Yaakov, David Andelman, Daniel Harries, Rudi Podgornik

摘要:

带电大分子之间的力,通常以渗透压的形式给出,受到中间离子溶液的高度影响。虽然在大多数理论研究中的解决方案被视为一个均匀的无结构的介电介质,最近的实验研究得出结论,对于由两种溶剂(二元混合物),带电的大分子之间的渗透压的洗澡溶液的二元溶剂组合物的影响。通过添加本地溶剂组合物项的自由能,我们得到了一个一般的表达式的渗透压,在平面几何形状和平均场框架内。增加的效果是由于渗透性的不均匀性和非静电离子和溶剂之间的短程相互作用(优先溶剂化)。这种效应在小距离处最明显,并导致1- 2nm量级的大分子分离的渗透压降低。此外,它导致从带电的大分子(建模为平面界面)的两种溶剂之一的耗尽。最后,通过理论计算与实验结果的比较,提出了一种基于优先溶剂化作用的DNA溶液渗透压实验解释。

英文摘要:

The forces between charged macromolecules, usually given in terms of osmotic pressure, are highly affected by the intervening ionic solution. While in most theoretical studies the solution is treated as a homogeneous structureless dielectric medium, recent experimental studies concluded that, for a bathing solution composed of two solvents (binary mixture), the osmotic pressure between charged macromolecules is affected by the binary solvent composition. By adding local solvent composition terms to the free energy, we obtain a general expression for the osmotic pressure, in planar geometry and within the mean-field framework. The added effect is due to the permeability inhomogeneity and nonelectrostatic short-range interactions between the ions and solvents (preferential solvation). This effect is mostly pronounced at small distances and leads to a reduction in the osmotic pressure for macromolecular separations of the order 1--2 nm. Furthermore, it leads to a depletion of one of the two solvents from the charged macromolecules (modeled as planar interfaces). Lastly, by comparing the theoretical results with experimental ones, an explanation based on preferential solvation is offered for recent experiments on the osmotic pressure of DNA solutions.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑