We analyze all possible extensions of the recently proposed minimal renormalizable SUSY SU(5) grand unified model with the inclusion of an additional A4 flavor symmetry. We find that there are five possible cases but only one of them is phenomenologically interesting. We develop in detail such case and we show how the fermion masses and mixing angles come out. As a prediction we obtain the neutrino masses of order of 0.1 eV with an inverted hierarchy.
We address the problem of rationalizing the pattern of fermion masses and mixings by adding a nonabelian flavor symmetry in a grand unified framework. With this purpose, we include an A4 flavor symmetry into a unified renormalizable SUSY GUT SU(5) model. With the help of the "Type II Seesaw" mechanism we are able to obtain the pattern of observed neutrino mixings in a natural way, through the so called tribimaximal matrix.
We present a renormalizable model for fermion masses based solely on the double tetrahedral group T'. It does not include right handed neutrinos and majorana neutrino masses are generated radiatively. The scalar sector of the model involves three SU(2) doublets and a set of lepton number violating (charged) scalars needed to give mass to the neutrinos. In the quark sector the model leads to a Fritzsch type scenario that is consistent with all the existing data. In the lepton sector, the model leads to tribimaximal (and near tribimaximal) mixing, and an inverted mass hierarchy.
Neutrino tribimaximal mixing is obtained from the breaking of A_4 to Z_3 in the charged-lepton sector and to Z_2 in the neutrino sector. To enforce this conflicting pattern, extra particles and symmetries are usually invoked, often accompanied by nonrenormalizable interactions and even extra dimensions. It is shown here in a specific renormalizable model how A_4 alone will accomplish this, with only the help of lepton number.
Motivated by dimensional deconstruction, we propose a model of tribimaximal neutrino mixing based on A_4 x A_4 symmetry. In this model, the two triplet symmetry-breaking fields of conventional A_4 models are taken to transform under different A_4 group factors, but are not distinguished by any other quantum numbers. An additional bi-triplet flavon field breaks A_4 x A_4 to its diagonal subgroup. If the bi-triplet transforms under an additional Z_3 symmetry, we show that one can construct a general, renormalizable superpotential that yields the desired pattern of symmetry breaking. We identify …
Simple SO(10) Higgs models with the adjoint representation triggering the grand-unified symmetry breaking, discarded a long ago due to inherent tree-level tachyonic instabilities in the physically interesting scenarios, have been recently brought back to life by quantum effects. In this work we focus on the variant with 45_H+126_H in the Higgs sector and show that there are several regions in the parameter space of this model that can support stable unifying configurations with the B-L breaking scale as high as 10^14 GeV, well above the previous generic estimates based on the minimal survival …
More often than not, models of flavor symmetry rely on the use of nonrenormalizable operators (in the guise of flavons) to accomplish the phenomenologically successful tribimaximal mixing of neutrinos. We show instead how a simple renormalizable two-parameter neutrino mass model of tribimaximal mixing can be constructed with the non-Abelian discrete symmetry T_7 and the gauging of B-L. This is also achieved without the addition of auxiliary symmetries and particles present in almost all other proposals. Most importantly, it is verifiable at the Large Hadron Collider.
A realistic grand unified model has never been constructed in the literature due to three major difficulties: the seesaw mechanism without spoiling gauge coupling unification, the doublet-triplet splitting and the proton decay suppression. We propose a renormalizable supersymmetric SO(10) model with all these difficulties solved naturally by imposing an extra discrete symmetry.
The structure of the neutrino mixing matrix is indicative of an underlying family symmetry that interrelates the three generations of fermions in the Standard Model. We systematically scan the parameter space of 76 discrete non-Abelian family symmetries and construct all models with the Standard Model particle content and up to three flavon fields where we include non-renormalizable interactions of mass dimension five and six. We find that of the 76 groups that we considered, 44 groups can accommodate models that are consistent with experiment at 3sigma, and 38 groups can have models that are …
We investigate the options for imposing flavor symmetries on a minimal renormalizable non-supersymmetric $\mathrm{SU}(5)$ grand unified theory, without introducing additional flavor-related fields. Such symmetries reduce the number of free parameters in the model and therefore lead to more predictive models. We consider the Yukawa sector of the Lagrangian, and search for all possible flavor symmetries. As a result, we find 25 distinct realistic flavor symmetry cases, with $\mathbb{Z}_2$, $\mathbb{Z}_3$, $\mathbb{Z}_4$, and $\mathrm{U}(1)$ symmetries, and no non-Abelian cases.
We comment on the status and prospects of the minimal non-supersymmetric renormalizable SO(10) grand unified model. We emphasize its unique predictive power owing to the particular robustness of the gauge unification pattern to the leading-order Planck-scale effects which, in turn, makes it essentially the only unified framework in which the proton lifetime may be estimated with better than the leading order precision. This, together with the frequent presence of light-scale exotics accessible, in principle, at future colliders, is the key to its potential testability at the upcoming megaton-s…
We investigate the conditions on the Higgs sector that allow supersymmetric SO(10) grand unified theories (GUT) to break spontaneously to the standard electroweak model (SM) at the renormalizable level. If one considers Higgs representations of dimension up to the adjoint, a supersymmetric standard model vacuum requires in most cases the presence of non-renormalizable (NR) operators. The active role of Planck induced NR operators in the breaking of the gauge symmetry introduces a hierarchy in the mass spectrum at the GUT scale that may be an issue for gauge unification and proton decay. We sho…
In the context of a renormalizable supersymmetric SO(10) Grand Unified Theory, we consider the fermion mass matrices generated by the Yukawa couplings to a $\mathbf{10} \oplus \mathbf{120} \oplus \bar{\mathbf{126}}$ representation of scalars. We perform a complete investigation of the possibilities of imposing flavour symmetries in this scenario; the purpose is to reduce the number of Yukawa coupling constants in order to identify potentially predictive models. We have found that there are only 14 inequivalent cases of Yukawa coupling matrices, out of which 13 cases are generated by $Z_n$ symm…
In this work we propose a renormalizable model based on the $SU(5)$ gauge group where neutrino mass originates at the two-loop level without extending the fermionic content of the Standard Model (SM). Unlike the conventional $SU(5)$ models, in this proposed scenario, neutrino mass is intertwined with the charged fermion masses. In addition to correctly reproducing the SM charged fermion masses and mixings, neutrino mass is generated at the quantum level, hence naturally explains the smallness of neutrino masses. In this set-up, we provide examples of gauge coupling unification that simultaneou…
We reconsider the issue of spontaneous symmetry breaking in SO(10) grand unified theories. The emphasis is put on the quest for the minimal Higgs sector leading to a phenomenologically viable breaking to the standard model gauge group. Longstanding results claimed that nonsupersymmetric SO(10) models with just the adjoint representation triggering the first stage of the breaking cannot provide a successful gauge unification. The main result of this thesis is the observation that this no-go is an artifact of the tree level potential and that quantum corrections opens in a natural way the vacuum…
We present a renormalizable non supersymmetric Grand Unified SO(10) model which, at the price of a large fine tuning, is compatible with all compelling phenomenological requirements below the unification scale and thus realizes a minimal extension of the SM, unified in SO(10) and describing all known physics below $M_{GUT}$. These requirements include coupling unification at a large enough scale to be compatible with the bounds on proton decay; a Yukawa sector in agreement with all the data on quark and lepton masses and mixings and with leptogenesis as the origin of the baryon asymmetry of th…
We show how two principles - strong coupling and discrete symmetry - can work together to generate the flavour structure of the Standard Model. We propose that in the UV the full theory has a discrete flavour symmetry, typically only associated with tribimaximal mixing in the neutrino sector. Hierarchies in the particle masses and mixing matrices then emerge from multiple strongly coupled sectors that break this symmetry. This allows for a realistic flavour structure, even in models built around an underlying grand unified theory. We use two different techniques to understand the strongly coup…
We reconsider a class of well motivated supersymmetric models in which inflation is associated with the breaking of a gauge symmetry G to H, with the symmetry breaking scale M~10^16 GeV. Starting with a renormalizable superpotential, we include both radiative and supergravity corrections to derive the inflationary potential. The scalar spectral index n_s can exceed unity in some cases, and it cannot be smaller than 0.98 if the number of e-foldings corresponding to the present horizon scale is around 60. Two distinct variations of this scenario are discussed in which non-renormalizable terms al…
Supersymmetric SO(10) grand unified models with renormalizable Yukawa couplings involving {\bf 10}, {\bf 126} and {\bf 120} Higgs fields have been shown to give a very economical theory for understanding quark-lepton flavor in a unified framework. In previous papers, we showed how nucleon decay can be suppressed in these models without invoking cancellation, by choice of Yukawa flavor texture within a type II seesaw framework for neutrinos that explains all mixings and masses including the recently observed "large" $θ_{13}$. In this follow-up paper, we extend our earlier work to the case of ty…
We propose a renormalizable multi-Higgs model with $A_{4}\otimes Z_{2}\otimes Z^{\prime}_{2}$ symmetry, accounting for the experimental deviation from the tribimaximal mixing pattern of the neutrino mixing matrix. In this framework we study the charged lepton and neutrino masses and mixings. The light neutrino masses are generated via a radiative seesaw mechanism, which involves a single heavy Majorana neutrino and neutral scalars running in the loops. The obtained neutrino mixings and mass squared splittings are in good agreement with the neutrino oscillation experimental data for both normal…
We construct a supersymmetric flipped SU(5) grand unified model that possesses an $R$ symmetry. This $R$ symmetry forbids dangerous non-renormalizable operators suppressed by a cut-off scale up to sufficiently large mass dimensions so that the SU(5)-breaking Higgs field develops a vacuum expectation value of the order of the unification scale along the $F$- and $D$-flat directions, with the help of the supersymmetry-breaking effect. The mass terms of the Higgs fields are also forbidden by the $R$ symmetry, with which the doublet-triplet splitting problem is solved with the missing partner mech…
We propose a simple renormalizable grand unified theory based on the $SU(5)$ gauge symmetry where the neutrino masses are generated at the quantum level through the Zee mechanism. In this model the same Higgs needed to correct the mass relation between charged leptons and down-type quarks plays a crucial role to generate neutrino masses. We show that in this model one can satisfy the constrains coming from the unification of gauge couplings and the mechanism for neutrino masses is discussed in detail. The predictions for proton decay are discussed in order to understand the testability at curr…
We present realistic models of flavor in SU(5) and SO(10) grand unified theories (GUTs). The models are renormalizable and do not require any exotic representations in order to accommodate the necessary GUT breaking effects in the Yukawa couplings. They are based on a simple clockwork Lagrangian whose structure is enforced with just two (one) vectorlike U(1) symmetries in the case of SU(5) and SO(10) respectively. The inter-generational hierarchies arise spontaneously from products of matrices with order one random entries.
We demonstrate viability of the one-loop neutrino mass mechanism within the framework of grand unification when the loop particles comprise scalar leptoquarks (LQs) and quarks of the matching electric charge. This mechanism can be implemented in both supersymmetric and non-supersymmetric models and requires the presence of at least one LQ pair. The appropriate pairs for the neutrino mass generation via the up-type and down-type quark loops are $S_3$-$R_2$ and $S_{1,\,3}$-$\tilde{R}_2$, respectively. We consider two phenomenologically distinct regimes for the LQ masses in our analysis. First re…
Orbifold grand unified theories (GUTs) solve several problems in GUT model building. Therefore, it is intriguing to investigate similar constructions in the flavor context. In this paper, we propose that a flavor symmetry might emerge due to orbifold compactification of one orbifold and broken by boundary conditions of another orbifold. The combination of the orbifold parities in gauge and flavor space determines the zero modes. We demonstrate the construction in a supersymmetric (SUSY) SO(10) x S_4 orbifold GUT model, which predicts the tribimaximal mixing at leading order in the lepton secto…
We review the main constraints on the parameter space of the minimal renormalizable supersymmetric SU(5) grand unified theory. They consist of the Higgs mass, proton decay, electroweak symmetry breaking and fermion masses. Superpartner masses are constrained both from below and from above, giving hope for confirming or definitely ruling out the theory in the future. This contribution is based on Ref. [1].
The alternative renormalizable minimal $SO(10)$ model is composed of the Yukawa couplings with $\textbf{10} \oplus \textbf{120}$ Higgs fields, whereas the right-handed (RH) neutrino Majorana masses are generated via the Witten mechanism. The gauge coupling unification is achieved together with a unique pattern of the fermion masses and mixing at the grand unification scale due to additional contributions of vector-like quarks to the standard model renormalization group equations. We perform the fitting of the model to the experimental data of charged fermion masses and the CKM matrix. The best…
