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arXiv 0811.3947math.DG
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一般抛物型Monge-Ampere方程的微分不变式

Differential invariants of generic parabolic Monge-Ampere equations

Diego Catalano Ferraioli, Alexandre Vinogradov

摘要:

给出了关于经典抛物型Monge-Ampère方程(PMA)几何的一些新结果.根据其特征分布的可积性,PMA可以是\emph{integrable}或\emph{nonintegrable}。所有可积的PMA都局部等价于方程$u_{xx}=0$。我们通过将每个不可积PMA与相应的一阶喷流流形上的1维分布(称为\emph{directing distribution})联系起来来研究不可积PMA。根据该分布的某些性质,将不可积PMA分为三类:一类是\emph{generic},另一类是\emph{special}.通用PMA的特点是完全由他们的定向分布,我们研究后者的典型模型,\emph{projective curve bundles}(PCB)。PCB是四维流形的投影余切丛的1维子丛。利用构成此类丛的投影曲线的微分不变式构造相应PMA的一系列接触微分不变式。这些给出了通用PMA关于切触变换的等价问题的解决方案。引入的不变量以精确的方式测量PMA的非线性。

英文摘要:

Some new results on geometry of classical parabolic Monge-Ampère equations (PMA) are presented. PMAs are either \emph{integrable}, or \emph{nonintegrable} according to integrability of its characteristic distribution. All integrable PMAs are locally equivalent to the equation $u_{xx}=0$. We study nonintegrable PMAs by associating with each of them a 1-dimensional distribution on the corresponding first order jet manifold, called the \emph{directing distribution}. According to some property of this distribution, nonintegrable PMAs are subdivided into three classes, one \emph{generic} and two \emph{special} ones. Generic PMAs are completely characterized by their directing distributions, and we study canonical models of the latters, \emph{projective curve bundles} (PCB). A PCB is a 1-dimensional subbundle of the projectivized cotangent bundle of a 4-dimensional manifold. Differential invariants of projective curves composing such a bundle are used to construct a series of contact differential invariants for corresponding PMAs. These give a solution of the equivalence problem for generic PMAs with respect to contact transformations. The introduced invariants measure in an exact manner nonlinearity of PMAs.

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