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arXiv 0811.1425astro-ph
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恒星反馈对AGN气体和尘埃环形成和演化的影响

The effect of stellar feedback on the formation and evolution of gas and dust tori in AGN

M. Schartmann, K. Meisenheimer, H. Klahr, M. Camenzind, S. Wolf, Th. Henning

摘要:

近年来,活动星系核(AGN)中存在几何厚度的尘埃结构已被中红外干涉技术直接证实。观测结果与一个由一个几何上薄而温暖的中心盘组成的双分量模型一致,该中心盘周围是一个较冷的蓬松环面分量。在探索性的研究中,我们调查一种可能的物理机制,这可能会产生这样的结构,即恒星反馈的影响,从一个年轻的核星团的星际介质的活动星系核的中心。该模型是实现与流体动力学代码TRAMP的帮助下。我们遵循的星际介质的演化,考虑到离散的质量损失和能量喷射由于恒星的过程,以及光学薄辐射冷却。在后处理步骤中,我们借助辐射转移代码MC3D计算可观测量(光谱能量分布和图像)。质量注入、超新星爆炸和辐射冷却之间的相互作用导致了一个由几何上薄但光学上厚且非常湍流的盘组成的双组分结构,该盘位于角动量势垒附近,周围环绕着一个对流结构。后者由冷的长的径向细丝流向磁盘和热的稀薄介质之间,这表明向内和向外定向运动。这个模型是能够重现观察到的中性氢柱密度的塞弗特星系的样本的范围,以及它们之间的关系和强度的硅酸盐10微米的光谱特征。尽管是相当粗糙的,我们的平均塞弗特星系模型甚至能够描述两个中间型塞弗特星系与斯皮策太空望远镜观察到的SED。

英文摘要:

Recently, the existence of geometrically thick dust structures in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) has been directly proven with the help of mid-infrared interferometry. The observations are consistent with a two-component model made up of a geometrically thin and warm central disk, surrounded by a colder, fluffy torus component. In an exploratory study, we investigate one possible physical mechanism, which could produce such a structure, namely the effect of stellar feedback from a young nuclear star cluster on the interstellar medium in centres of AGN. The model is realised with the help of the hydrodynamics code TRAMP. We follow the evolution of the interstellar medium by taking discrete mass loss and energy ejection due to stellar processes, as well as optically thin radiative cooling into account. In a post-processing step, we calculate observable quantities (spectral energy distributions and images) with the help of the radiative transfer code MC3D. The interplay between injection of mass, supernova explosions and radiative cooling leads to a two-component structure made up of a cold geometrically thin, but optically thick and very turbulent disk residing in the vicinity of the angular momentum barrier, surrounded by a filamentary structure. The latter consists of cold long radial filaments flowing towards the disk and a hot tenuous medium in between, which shows both inwards and outwards directed motions. This modelling is able to reproduce the range of observed neutral hydrogen column densities of a sample of Seyfert galaxies as well as the relation between them and the strength of the silicate 10 micron spectral feature. Despite being quite crude, our mean Seyfert galaxy model is even able to describe the SEDs of two intermediate type Seyfert galaxies observed with the Spitzer Space Telescope.

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