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arXiv 0811.1218astro-ph
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LCDM中的星系合并和暗物质晕合并:质量、红移和质量比依赖性

Galaxy Mergers and Dark Matter Halo Mergers in LCDM: Mass, Redshift, and Mass-Ratio Dependence

Kyle R. Stewart, James S. Bullock, Elizabeth J. Barton, Risa H. Wechsler

摘要:

我们采用了高分辨率LCDM N体模拟提出合并率预测暗物质晕和调查如何共同合并相关的观测星系-如密偶计数,星爆计数,和形态干扰分数-可能规模与光度,恒星质量,合并质量比,和红移从z=0到z=4。我们提供了一个简单的“通用”拟合公式,描述了我们推导出的合并率为暗物质晕暗晕质量,合并质量比和红移的函数,并继续预测星系合并率使用数字密度匹配关联晕与星系。例如,我们发现m/M>0.3质量比的事件进入典型的L > f L* 星系的瞬时合并速率遵循简单的关系式dN/dt=0.03(1+f)(1+z)^2.1 Gyr^-1。尽管合并率随着红移的增加而迅速增加,但只有一小部分>0.4 L* 的高红移星系(z=2时约3%)应该在最近(t<1亿年)经历了一次大合并(m/M >0.3)。这表明,短暂的,合并引起的恒星形成爆发不应该在早期对全球恒星形成率有显着贡献,与观测指标一致。我们强调,必须非常小心,因为预测的观测值非常敏感地依赖于星系的光度,红移,总质量比,并合并残余物的不确定的弛豫时间尺度进行比较。我们表明,大多数明亮的星系在z=3应该经历了一个主要的合并(>0.3)在过去的700万年,并得出结论,合并几乎肯定发挥了重要作用,提供重子和影响运动学性质的莱曼Break Galvanies(LBG)。(节略)

英文摘要:

We employ a high-resolution LCDM N-body simulation to present merger rate predictions for dark matter halos and investigate how common merger-related observables for galaxies--such as close pair counts, starburst counts, and the morphologically disturbed fraction--likely scale with luminosity, stellar mass, merger mass ratio, and redshift from z=0 to z=4. We provide a simple 'universal' fitting formula that describes our derived merger rates for dark matter halos a function of dark halo mass, merger mass ratio, and redshift, and go on to predict galaxy merger rates using number density-matching to associate halos with galaxies. For example, we find that the instantaneous merger rate of m/M>0.3 mass ratio events into typical L > f L* galaxies follows the simple relation dN/dt=0.03(1+f)(1+z)^2.1 Gyr^-1. Despite the rapid increase in merger rate with redshift, only a small fraction of >0.4 L* high-redshift galaxies (~3% at z=2) should have experienced a major merger (m/M >0.3) in the very recent past (t< 100 Myr). This suggests that short-lived, merger-induced bursts of star formation should not contribute significantly to the global star formation rate at early times, in agreement with observational indications. We emphasize that great care must be made in comparisons to observations because the predicted observables depend very sensitively on galaxy luminosity, redshift, overall mass ratio, and uncertain relaxation timescales for merger remnants. We show that the majority of bright galaxies at z=3 should have undergone a major merger (>0.3) in the last 700 Myr and conclude that mergers almost certainly play an important role in delivering baryons and influencing the kinematic properties of Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs). (abridged)

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