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arXiv 0810.4706cond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.mtrl-sci
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通过可逆氢化控制石墨烯的性质

Control of graphene's properties by reversible hydrogenation

D. C. Elias, R. R. Nair, T. M. G. Mohiuddin, S. V. Morozov, P. Blake, M. P. Halsall, A. C. Ferrari, D. W. Boukhvalov, M. I. Katsnelson, A. K. Geim, K. S. Novoselov

摘要:

石墨烯--一个单层的碳原子密集地堆积成六边形晶格--具有最强的原子键之一,可以被视为一个坚固的原子级支架,其他化学物质可以附着在上面而不会破坏它。石墨烯是一个巨大的扁平分子,可以进行化学改变,这一观点得到了所谓的氧化石墨烯的观察的支持,也就是被羟基和其他基团密集覆盖的石墨烯。不幸的是,氧化石墨烯是强烈无序的,导电性差,难以还原到原始状态。尽管如此,人们可以想象原子或分子以严格的周期性方式附着在原子支架上,这应该会导致不同的电子结构,本质上是不同的晶体材料。一个假设的例子是石墨烷,一种宽禁带半导体,其中氢键合到石墨烯的每个碳位点。在这里,我们表明,通过将石墨烯暴露于原子氢,有可能将这种高导电半金属转化为绝缘体。透射电子显微镜显示,该材料保留了六方晶格,但其周期明显短于石墨烯,为新的石墨烯衍生物提供了直接证据。发现与氢的反应是可逆的,退火可以恢复原来的金属态和晶格间距,甚至恢复量子霍尔效应。我们的工作证明了石墨烯化学改性的概念,这保证了一系列具有设计的电子和其他性质的新二维晶体。

英文摘要:

Graphene - a monolayer of carbon atoms densely packed into a hexagonal lattice - has one of the strongest possible atomic bonds and can be viewed as a robust atomic-scale scaffold, to which other chemical species can be attached without destroying it. This notion of graphene as a giant flat molecule that can be altered chemically is supported by the observation of so-called graphene oxide, that is graphene densely covered with hydroxyl and other groups. Unfortunately, graphene oxide is strongly disordered, poorly conductive and difficult to reduce to the original state. Nevertheless, one can imagine atoms or molecules being attached to the atomic scaffold in a strictly periodic manner, which should result in a different electronic structure and, essentially, a different crystalline material. A hypothetical example for this is graphane, a wide-gap semiconductor, in which hydrogen is bonded to each carbon site of graphene. Here we show that by exposing graphene to atomic hydrogen, it is possible to transform this highly-conductive semimetal into an insulator. Transmission electron microscopy reveals that the material retains the hexagonal lattice but its period becomes markedly shorter than that of graphene, providing direct evidence for a new graphene-based derivative. The reaction with hydrogen is found to be reversible so that the original metallic state and lattice spacing are restored by annealing and even the quantum Hall effect recovers. Our work proves the concept of chemical modification of graphene, which promises a whole range of new two-dimensional crystals with designed electronic and other properties.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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