We study the parameter dependence of the Higgs mass in a chirally invariant lattice Higgs-Yukawa model emulating the same Higgs-fermion coupling structure as in the Higgs sector of the electroweak Standard Model. Eventually, the aim is to establish upper and lower Higgs mass bounds. Here we present our preliminary results on the lower Higgs mass bound at several selected values for the cutoff and give a brief outlook towards the upper Higgs mass bound.
The phase diagram of a chirally invariant lattice Higgs-Yukawa model is explored by means of numerical simulations. The results revealing a rich phase structure are compared to analytical large Nf calculations which we performed earlier. The analytical and numerical results are in excellent agreement at large values of Nf. In the opposite case the large Nf computation still gives a good qualitative description of the phase diagram. In particular we find numerical evidence for the predicted ferrimagnetic phase at intermediate values of the Yukawa coupling constant and for the symmetric phase at…
We consider a chirally invariant lattice Higgs-Yukawa model based on the Neuberger overlap operator. As a first step towards the eventual determination of Higgs mass bounds we study the phase diagram of the model analytically in the large Nf-limit. We present an expression for the effective potential at tree-level in the regime of small Yukawa and quartic coupling constants and determine the order of the phase transitions. In the case of strong Yukawa couplings the model effectively becomes an O(4)-symmetric non-linear sigma-model for all values of the quartic coupling constant. This leads to …
We study the coupling parameter dependence of the Higgs boson mass in a chirally invariant lattice Higgs-Yukawa model emulating the same Yukawa coupling structure as in the Higgs-fermion sector of the Standard Model. Eventually, the aim is to establish non-perturbative upper and lower Higgs boson mass bounds derived from first principles, in particular not relying on vacuum stability considerations for the latter case. Here, we present our lattice results for the lower Higgs boson mass bound at several values of the cutoff and compare them to corresponding analytical calculations based on the …
We present new results of our ongoing project on the investigation of the phase structure of the Higgs-Yukawa model at small and large bare Yukawa couplings. The critical exponents of the second order bulk phase transitions of this model are determined from finite-size analyses and compared to the pure O(4)-model to test for triviality and the possibility of having a non-Gaussian fixed point. In addition, we will present a first study of Higgs boson masses and fermion correlation functions.
We consider a chirally invariant lattice Higgs-Yukawa model based on the Neuberger overlap operator. As a first step towards the eventual determination of Higgs mass bounds we present the phase structure of the model analytically in the large Nf-limit in the physically interesting region of the Yukawa coupling constant. We confront the analytically obtained phase diagram with corresponding HMC-simulations and find an excellent agreement at large values of Nf. In the opposite case the large Nf computation still gives a good qualitative description of the phase diagram. We also present first and…
We study the phase structure of a $Z_2$ lattice Higgs-Yukawa system with different forms of chirally invariant lattice fermion actions: naive, two types of non-local actions, and a mirror fermion action. The calculations are performed in the variational mean field approximation with contribution of fermionic determinant being calculated in a ladder approximation. We demonstrate that the phase structure of the system crucially depends on the form of the lattice fermion action, despite the fact that the Higgs field couples to fermions in the same local way. A possibility of defining chiral gauge…
We present new data on our ongoing project on the investigation of the phase structure of the Higgs-Yukawa model at large bare Yukawa couplings. The data presented last year are extended in terms of statistics, the number of bare Yukawa couplings at existing, and new larger volumes. In addition, this study is extended by a finite temperature project at the physical top quark mass m_t =175 GeV and a hypothetical fourth generation top quark with a mass of m_t' =700 GeV .
Motivated by the advent of the Large Hadron Collider the aim of the present work is the non-perturbative determination of the cutoff-dependent upper and lower mass bounds of the Standard Model Higgs boson based on first principle calculations, in particular not relying on additional information such as the triviality property of the Higgs-Yukawa sector or indirect arguments like vacuum stability considerations. For that purpose the lattice approach is employed to allow for a non-perturbative investigation of a chirally invariant lattice Higgs-Yukawa model, serving here as a reasonable simplifi…
We discuss the non-thermal phase structure of a chirally invariant Higgs-Yukawa model on the lattice in the presence of a higher dimensional $Φ^6$-term. For the exploration of the phase diagram we use analytical, lattice perturbative calculations of the constraint effectice potential as well as numerical simulations. We also present first results of the effects of the $Φ^6$-term on the lower Higgs boson mass bounds.
We develop analytical technique for examining phase structure of $Z_2$, $U(1)$, and $SU(2)$ lattice Higgs-Yukawa systems with radially frozen Higgs fields and chirally invariant lattice fermion actions. The method is based on variational mean field approximation. We analyse phase diagrams of such systems with different forms of lattice fermion actions and demonstrate that it crucially depends both on the symmetry group and on the form of the action. We discuss location in the diagrams of possible non-trivial fixed points relevant to continuum physics, and argue that the candidates can exist on…
We establish the cutoff-dependent upper Higgs boson mass bound by means of direct lattice computations in the framework of a chirally invariant lattice Higgs-Yukawa model emulating the same chiral Yukawa coupling structure as in the Higgs-fermion sector of the Standard Model. As expected from the triviality picture of the Higgs sector, we observe the upper mass bound to decrease with rising cutoff parameter $Λ$. Moreover, the strength of the fermionic contribution to the upper mass bound is explored by comparing to the corresponding analysis in the pure $Φ^4$-theory.
We study a chirally invariant Higgs-Yukawa model regulated on a space-time lattice. We calculate Higgs boson resonance parameters and mass bounds for various values of the mass of the degenerate fermion doublet. Also, first results on the phase transition temperature are presented. In general, this model may be relevant for BSM scenarios with a heavy fourth generation of quarks.
Non-perturbative numerical lattice studies of the Higgs-Yukawa sector of the standard model with exact chiral symmetry are reviewed. In particular, we discuss bounds on the Higgs boson mass at the standard model top quark mass, and in the presence of heavy fermions. We present a comprehensive study of the phase structure of the theory at weak and very strong values of the Yukawa coupling as well as at non-zero temperature.
We numerically study the SU(2) gauge theory with two dynamical flavors of the domain-wall fermions in fundamental representation. The meson spectra and the residual mass are measured on three lattice volumes and at two values of gauge coupling so as to investigate the finite volume effect. On generated configurations, eigenvalues of the overlap fermion operator are determined and compared to the random matrix theory. To quantify the effect of violation of the exact chiral symmetry, we measure the correlation between the eigenvectors of the domain-wall and the overlap operators.
We present excited meson masses from quenched calculations using chirally improved (CI) quarks at pion masses down to 350 MeV. The salient features of our analysis are the use of a matrix of correlators from various source and sink operators and a basis which includes quark sources with different spatial widths, thereby improving overlap with states exhibiting radial excitations.
We study the eigenvalues of Dirac operators in QCD with two mass degenerate dynamical fermions. The gauge configurations have been obtained with HMC and the so-called Chirally Improved fermionic action. We compare eigenvalues obtained for the overlap Dirac operator on these configurations with those for the Chirally Improved (CI) operator (studied earlier). Results of Random Matrix Theory allow us to determine the chiral condensate.
We consider properties of zero and near-zero modes for overlap fermion operator in SU(2) lattice gluodynamics. The density of the states is of the order of Lambda(QCD) while the localization volume of the modes tends to zero in physical units with the lattice spacing tending to zero. The situation changes drastically when we study "vortex removed" configurations.
We present a comparison of a number of iterative solvers of linear systems of equations for obtaining the fermion propagator in lattice QCD. In particular, we consider chirally invariant overlap and chirally improved Wilson (maximally) twisted mass fermions. The comparison of both formulations of lattice QCD is performed at four fixed values of the pion mass between 230MeV and 720MeV. For overlap fermions we address adaptive precision and low mode preconditioning while for twisted mass fermions we discuss even/odd preconditioning. Taking the best available algorithms in each case we find that …
Lattice perturbation theory is discussed in the overlap formulation for the Yukawa and gauge interactions. One and two point functions are studied for fermion, scalar and gauge fields, taking the Standard Model as an example. The formulae for the self-energies are given from which their divergent and finite parts can be computed at the one loop level.
In order to enhance our understanding of spectral functions in lattice QCD obtained with the help of the Maximum Entropy Method, we study meson spectral functions for lattice fermions with chiral symmetry. In particular we analyse lattice artefacts for standard overlap, overlap hypercube and domain wall fermions in the free field limit. We also present first results for pseudoscalar spectral functions in dynamical QCD with 2+1 flavours of domain wall fermions, using data generated by the UKQCD and RBC collaborations on QCDOC machines.
We compare the behavior of different lattice Dirac operators in gauge backgrounds which are lattice discretizations of a classical instanton. In particular we analyze the standard Wilson operator, a chirally improved Dirac operator and the overlap operators constructed from these two operators. We discuss the flow of real eigenvalues as a function of the instanton size. An analysis of the eigenvectors shows that overlap fermions with the Wilson operator as input operator have difficulties with reproducing the continuum zero mode already for moderately small instantons. This problem is greatly …
Quenched studies of a global U(1) symmetric Wilson-Yukawa model in two dimensions show no evidence of a charged fermion in the vortex phase at strong Wilson-Yukawa coupling while there is strong indication of a massive neutral fermion. However, with the U(1)$_L$ gauge field turned on, we use dimensional arguments to suggest that the neutral fermion appears to couple chirally to a massive vector boson state.
We study a lattice Higgs-Yukawa model emulating the same Higgs-fermion coupling structure as in the Higgs sector of the electroweak Standard Model, in particular, obeying a Ginsparg-Wilson version of the underlying SU(2) x U(1) symmetry, being a global symmetry here due to the neglection of gauge fields in this model. In this paper we present our results on the cutoff-dependent upper Higgs boson mass bound at several selected values of the cutoff parameter.
The construction of massless Majorana fermions with chiral Yukawa couplings on the lattice is considered. We find topological obstructions tightly linked to those underlying the Nielsen-Ninomiya no-go theorem. In contradistinction to chiral fermions the obstructions originate only from the combination of the Dirac action and the Yukawa term. These findings are used to construct a chirally invariant lattice action. We also show that the path intgral of this theory is given by the Pfaffian of the corresponding Dirac operator.
The fermion mass spectrum is studied in the quenched approximation in the strong coupling vortex phase (VXS) of a globally U(1)$_L \otimes$U(1)$_R$ symmetric scalar-fermion model in two dimensions. In this phase fermion doublers can be completely removed from the physical spectrum by means of a strong Wilson-Yukawa coupling. The lowest lying fermion spectrum in this phase consists most probably only of a massive Dirac fermion which has charge zero with respect to the $U(1)_L$ group. We give evidence that the fermion which is charged with respect to that subgroup is absent in the VXS phase. Whe…
We compare overlap fermions, which are chirally invariant, and Wilson twisted mass fermions in the approach to the chiral limit. Our quenched simulations reveal that with both formulations of lattice fermions pion masses of O(250 MeV) can be reached in practical simulations. Our comparison is done at a fixed lattice spacing a=0.123 fm. Several quantities are measured, such as hadron masses and pseudoscalar decay constants.
We compare the behavior of overlap fermions, which are chirally invariant, and of Wilson twisted mass fermions at full twist in the approach to the chiral limit. Our quenched simulations reveal that with both formulations of lattice fermions pion masses of O(250 MeV) can be reached in practical applications. Our comparison is done at a fixed value of the lattice spacing a=0.123 fm. A number of quantities are measured such as hadron masses, pseudoscalar decay constants and quark masses obtained from Ward identities. We also determine the axial vector renormalization constants in the case of ove…
The construction of massless Majorana fermions with chiral Yukawa couplings on the lattice is considered. We find topological obstructions tightly linked to those underlying the Nielsen-Ninomiya no-go theorem. In contradistinction to chiral fermions the obstructions originate only from the combination of the Dirac action and the Yukawa term. These findings are used to construct a chirally invariant lattice action. We also show that the path integral of this theory is given by the Pfaffian of the corresponding Dirac operator. As an application of the approach set-up here we construct a CP-invar…
We derive finite-size scaling formulae for four-dimensional Higgs-Yukawa models near the Gaussian fixed point. These formulae will play an essential role in future, detailed investigation of such models. In particular, they can be used to determine the nature of the observed phase transitions, and confirm or rule out the possibility of having non-trivial fixed points in the Higgs-Yukawa models. Our scaling formula for Binder's cumulant is tested against lattice simulations carried out at weak couplings, and good agreement is found. As a separate project, we also present preliminary results fro…
We investigate the impact of a $λ_6 φ^6$ term included in a chirally invariant lattice Higgs-Yukawa model. Such a term could emerge from BSM physics at some larger energy scale. We map out the phase structure of the Higgs-Yukawa model with positive $λ_6$ and negative quartic self coupling of the scalar fields. To this end, we evaluate the constraint effective potential in lattice perturbation theory and also determine the magnetization of the model via numerical simulations which allow us to reach also non-perturbative values of the couplings. As a result, we find a complex phase structure wit…
In the past the construction of Higgs-Yukawa models on the lattice was blocked by the lack of a consistent definition of a chiral invariant Yukawa coupling term. Here, we consider a chiral invariant Higgs-Yukawa model based on the overlap operator, realized by the Neuberger-Dirac operator. As a first step towards a numerical examination of this model we study its phase diagram by means of an analytic 1/N-expansion, which is possible for small and for large values of the Yukawa coupling constant. In the case of strong Yukawa couplings the model effectively becomes an O(4)-symmetric non-linear s…
We propose an extended Quantum Chromodynamics (XQCD) Lagrangian in which the fermions are coupled to elementary scalar %$σ$ and $π$ fields through a Yukawa coupling which preserves chiral invariance. Our principle motivation is to find a new lattice formulation for QCD which avoids the source of critical slowing down usually encountered as the bare quark mass is tuned to the chiral limit. The phase diagram and the weak coupling limit for XQCD are studied. They suggest a conjecture that the continuum limit of XQCD is the same as the continuum limit of conventional lattice formulation of QCD. As…
It is shown that free lattice fermions defined by overlap Dirac operator fulfill the Osterwalder-Schrader reflection positivity condition with respect to the link-reflection. The proof holds true in non-gauge models with interactions such as chiral Yukawa models.
We propose a new method for Hybrid Monte Carlo (HMC) simulations with odd numbers of dynamical fermions on the lattice. It employs a different approach from polynomial or rational HMC. In this method, gamma-five hermiticity of the lattice Dirac operators is crucial and it can be applied to Wilson, domain-wall, and overlap fermions. We compare HMC simulations with two degenerate flavors and (1 + 1) degenerate flavors using optimal domain-wall fermions. The ratio of the efficiency, (number of accepted trajectories) / (simulation time), is about 3:2. The relation between pseudofermion action of c…
We present simulation results for lattice QCD with light pions. For the quark fields we apply chirally symmetric lattice Dirac operators, in particular the overlap hypercube operator, along with the standard overlap operator for comparison. This allows us to simulate at very low pion masses. The results are related to Random Matrix Theory and to Chiral Perturbation Theory in order to extract information about the pion decay constant, the scalar condensate and the topological susceptibility.
We study the effect of a potential fourth quark generation on the upper and lower Higgs boson mass bounds. This investigation is based on the numerical evaluation of a chirally invariant lattice Higgs-Yukawa model emulating the same Higgs-fermion coupling structure as in the Higgs sector of the electroweak Standard Model. In particular, the considered model obeys a Ginsparg-Wilson version of the underlying ${SU}(2)_L\times {U}(1)_Y$ symmetry, being a global symmetry here due to the neglection of gauge fields in this model. We present our results on the modification of the upper and lower Higgs…
We study the effect of a potential fourth fermion generation on the upper and lower Higgs boson mass bounds. This investigation is based on the numerical evaluation of a chirally invariant lattice Higgs-Yukawa model emulating the same Higgs-fermion coupling structure as in the Higgs sector of the electroweak Standard Model. In particular, the considered model obeys a Ginsparg-Wilson version of the underlying $SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y$ symmetry, being a global symmetry here due to the neglection of gauge fields in this model. We present our results on the modification of the upper and lower Higgs b…
In this article, we present an ongoing lattice study of the Higgs-Yukawa model, in the regime of strong-Yukawa coupling, using overlap fermions. We investigated the phase structure in this regime by computing the Higgs vacuum expectation value, and by exploring the finite-size scaling behaviour of the susceptibility corresponding to the magnetisation. Our preliminary results indicate the existence of a second-order phase transition when the Yukawa coupling becomes large enough, at which the Higgs vacuum expectation value vanishes and the susceptibility diverges.
The overlap hypercube fermion is a variant of a chirally symmetric lattice fermion, which is endowed with a higher level of locality than the standard overlap fermion. We apply this formulation in quenched QCD simulations with light quarks. In the p-regime we evaluate the masses of light pseudoscalar and vector mesons, as well as the pion decay constant and the renormalisation constant Z_A. In the epsilon-regime we present results for the leading Low Energy Constants of the chiral Lagrangian, Sigma and F_pi. To this end, we perform fits to predictions by chiral Random Matrix Theory and by diff…
We study the embedded QCD monopoles (``quark monopoles'') using low-lying eigenmodes of the overlap Dirac operator in zero- and finite-temperature SU(2) Yang-Mills theory on the lattice. These monopoles correspond to the gauge-invariant hedgehogs in the quark-antiquark condensates. The monopoles were suggested to be agents of the chiral symmetry restoration since their cores should suppress the chiral condensate. We study numerically the scalar, axial and chirally invariant definitions of the embedded monopoles and show that the monopole densities are in fact globally anti-correlated with the …
We study the effect of a potential fourth fermion generation on the upper and lower Higgs boson mass bounds. This investigation is based on the numerical evaluation of a chirally invariant lattice Higgs-Yukawa model emulating the same Higgs-fermion coupling structure as in the Higgs sector of the electroweak Standard Model. In particular, the considered model obeys a Ginsparg-Wilson version of the underlying ${SU}(2)_L\times {U}(1)_Y$ symmetry, being a global symmetry here due to the neglection of gauge fields in this model. We present our results on the modification of the upper and lower Hig…
We present results from two projects on lattice calculations for the Higgs-Yukawa model. First we report progress on the search of first-order thermal phase transitions in the presence of a dimension-six operator, with the choices of bare couplings that lead to viable phenomenological predictions. In this project the simulations are performed using overlap fermions to implement the required chiral symmetry. Secondly, our study for applying finite-size scaling techniques near the Gaussian fixed point of the Higgs-Yukawa model is presented. We discuss the analytical formulae for the Higgs Yukawa…
We investigate a U(1) lattice chiral gauge theory with domain wall fermions and gauge fixing. In the reduced model limit, our perturbative and numerical investigations at Yukawa coupling y=1 show that there are no extra mirror chiral modes. The longitudinal gauge degrees of freedom have no effect on the free domain wall fermion spectrum consisting of opposite chiral modes at the domain wall and the anti-domain wall which have an exponentially damped overlap. Our numerical investigation at small Yukawa couplings also leads to similar conclusions as above.
The chirally symmetric overlap quark propagator is explored in Coulomb gauge for the first time. This gauge is especially well suited for studying the interrelation between confinement and chiral symmetry breaking, since confinement can be attributed to the infrared divergence of the vector dressing function of the inverse quark propagator. Using quenched gauge field configurations on a $20^4$ lattice, the dressing functions of the quark propagator as well as the dynamical quark mass function are evaluated, also in the chiral limit. Chiral symmetry is artificially restored by removing the low …
The Higgs boson is a central part of the electroweak theory and is crucial to generate masses for quarks, leptons and the weak gauge bosons. We use a 4-dimensional Euclidean lattice formulation of the Higgs-Yukawa sector of the electroweak model to compute physical quantities in the path integral approach which is evaluated by means of Monte Carlo simulations thus allowing for fully non perturbative calculations. The chiral symmetry of the model is incorporated by using the Neuberger overlap Dirac operator. The here considered Higgs-Yukawa model does not involve the weak gauge bosons and furth…
We present a non-perturbative determination of the upper and lower Higgs boson mass bounds with a heavy fourth generation of quarks from numerical lattice computations in a chirally symmetric Higgs-Yukawa model. We find that the upper bound only moderately rises with the quark mass while the lower bound increases significantly, providing additional constraints on the existence of a straight-forward fourth quark generation. We examine the stability of the lower bound under the addition of a higher dimensional operator to the scalar field potential using perturbation theory, demonstrating that i…
The external fermion propagator and the internal fermion propagator in the overlap are given by different matrices. A generic problem (formulated by Pelissetto) faced by all chiral, non-local, propagators of Rebbi type is avoided in this manner. Nussinov-Weingarten-Witten mass inequalities are exactly preserved. It is sketched how to obtain simple lattice chiral Yukawa models and simple expressions for covariant currents. Going beyond my oral presentation, I have added to the write-up several comments on Niedermayer's talk. His transparencies are available on the internet.
We examine the axial U(1) symmetry near and above the finite temperature phase transition in two-flavor QCD using lattice QCD simulations. Although the axial U(1) symmetry is always violated by quantization, (i.e.) the chiral anomaly, the correlation functions may manifest effective restoration of the symmetry in the high temperature phase. We explicitly study this possibility by calculating the meson correlators as well as the Dirac operator spectral density near the critical point. Our numerical simulations are performed on a $16^3\times 8$ lattice with two flavors of dynamical quarks repres…
We clarify the relation between the improvement of dispersion relations in the fermion sector of lattice regularized QCD and the improvement of bulk thermodynamic observables. We show that in the infinite temperature limit the cut-off dependence in dispersion relations can be eliminated up to O(a^n) corrections, if the quark propagator is chosen to be rotationally invariant up to this order. In bulk thermodynamic observables this eliminates cut-off effects up to the same order at vanishing as well as non-vanishing chemical potential. We furthermore show, that in the infinite temperature, ideal…
The Roper state is extracted with valence overlap fermions on a $2+1$-flavor domain-wall fermion lattice (spacing $a = 0.114$ fm and $m_π = 330$ MeV) using both the Sequential Empirical Bayes (SEB) method and the variational method. The results are consistent, provided that a large smearing-size interpolation operator is included in the variational calculation to have better overlap with the lowest radial excitation. Similar calculations carried out for an anisotropic clover lattice with similar parameters find the Roper $\approx 280$ MeV higher than that of the overlap fermion. The fact that …
We carried out a calculation of the Roper state with the Sequential Empirical Bayesian (SEB) method with overlap valence fermion on 2+1-flavor domain-wall fermion configurations on the 24^3 x 64 lattice with a^{-1} = 1.73 GeV. The light sea quark mass corresponds to a pion mass of 330 MeV. The mass of the Roper, chirally extrapolated to the physical pion mass, is 1404(112) MeV which is consistent with the experimental value at 1440 MeV. When compared to the Roper state calculation with variational method for Clover and twisted mass fermions, it is found that the Roper states from SEB with over…
The feasibility of using lattice chiral fermions which are free of $O(a)$ errors for both the heavy and light quarks is examined. The fact that the effective quark propagators in these fermions have the same form as that in the continuum with the quark mass being only an additive parameter to a chirally symmetric antihermitian Dirac operator is highlighted. This implies that there is no distinction between the heavy and light quarks and no mass dependent tuning of the action or operators as long as the discretization error $O(m^2 a^2)$ is negligible. Using the overlap fermion, we find that the…
We calculate the strange quark content of the nucleon in 2+1-flavor lattice QCD. Chirally symmetric overlap fermion formulation is used to avoid the contamination from up and down quark contents due to an operator mixing between strange and light scalar operators, \bar{s}s and \bar{u}u+\bar{d}d. At a lattice spacing a=0.112(1) fm, we perform calculations at four values of degenerate up and down quark masses, which cover a range of the pion mass M_pi \simeq 300-540 MeV. We employ two different methods: one is a direct method where we calculate the strange quark content by directly inserting the…
We present Higgs boson mass bounds in a lattice regularization allowing thus for non-perturbative investigations. In particular, we employ a lattice modified chiral invariant Higgs-Yukawa model using the overlap operator. We show results for the upper and lower Higgs boson mass bounds in the presence of a heavy mass-degenerate quark doublet with masses ranging up to 700 GeV. We perform infinite volume extrapolations in most cases, and examine several values of the lattice cutoff. Furthermore, we argue that the lower Higgs boson mass bound is stable with respect to the addition of higher dimens…
We study the a0 and sigma mesons with the overlap fermion in the chiral regime with the pion mass as low as 182 MeV in the quenched approximation. After the eta'pi ghost states are separated, we find that the a0 mass with q\bar{q} interpolation field to be almost independent of the quark mass in the region below the strange quark mass. The chirally extrapolated results are consistent with a0(1450) being the u\bar{d} meson and K0*(1430) being the u\bar{s} meson with calculated masses at 1.42+_0.13 GeV and 1.41+_ 0.12 GeV respectively. We also calculate the scalar mesonium with a tetraquark inte…
