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arXiv 0809.2613astro-ph
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Hydra A星系团的化学富集

Chemical enrichment in the cluster of galaxies Hydra A

A. Simionescu, N. Werner, H. Böhringer, J. S. Kaastra, A. Finoguenov, M. Brüggen, P. E. J. Nulsen

摘要:

我们分析了全球性的属性,径向配置文件和二维地图的金属丰度和温度的冷核心星系长蛇座A使用深XMM牛顿曝光。可用光谱模型中的最佳拟合由发射测量的高斯分布(gdem)提供。用EPIC法和RGS法分别测定了7种和3种元素的丰度。gdem模型给出了较低的铁丰度比一个单一的温度模型。Fe、Si、S和O的丰度分布图都呈中心峰值。结合水螅A的结果与其他5个集群,详细的化学丰度的研究是可用的,我们发现一个显着的减少O的半径,而增加的O/Fe比半径是小的0.1 r_200内。我们比较了观测到的丰度比与不同相对量的各种Ia型超新星和核心塌陷产量模型的混合。要在长蛇座A中产生O、Si和S的估计峰值,需要恒星风喷射出的金属量比现有模型预测的高3-8倍,或者需要原星团阶段核心坍缩超新星的富集剩余峰值。温度图显示较冷的气体以臂状结构向南北延伸。这些结构似乎比周围介质中的金属更丰富,并且在空间上与大规模的射电瓣相关。我们估计冷气体的质量为1.6- 6.1 × 10^9太阳质量,与此相关的能量为3.3- 12.5 × 10^58尔格。与冷气体一起被抬升的Fe质量的最佳估计是1.7 × 10^7 M_sun,占中心0.5弧分区域Fe总质量的15%。

英文摘要:

We analyzed global properties, radial profiles and 2D maps of the metal abundances and temperature in the cool core cluster of galaxies Hydra A using a deep XMM-Newton exposure. The best fit among the available spectral models is provided by a Gaussian distribution of the emission measure (gdem). We can accurately determine abundances for 7 elements in the cluster core with EPIC and 3 elements with RGS. The gdem model gives lower Fe abundances than a single temperature model. The abundance profiles for Fe, Si, S, but also O are centrally peaked. Combining the Hydra A results with 5 other clusters for which detailed chemical abundance studies are available, we find a significant decrease of O with radius, while the increase in the O/Fe ratio with radius is small within 0.1 r_200. We compare the observed abundance ratios with the mixing of various supernova type Ia and core-collapse yield models in different relative amounts. Producing the estimated O, Si and S peaks in Hydra A requires either an amount of metals ejected by stellar winds 3-8 times higher than predicted by available models or a remaining peak in the enrichment by core-collapse supernovae from the protocluster phase. The temperature map shows cooler gas extending in arm-like structures towards the north and south. These structures appear to be richer in metals than the ambient medium and spatially correlated with the large-scale radio lobes. We estimate the mass of cool gas, which was probably uplifted by buoyant bubbles of relativistic plasma produced by the AGN, to 1.6-6.1x10^9 M_sun, and the energy associated with this uplift to 3.3-12.5x10^58 ergs. The best estimate of the mass of Fe uplifted together with the cool gas is 1.7x10^7 M_sun, 15% of the total mass of Fe in the central 0.5arcmin region.

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