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arXiv 0807.2146hep-th
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论量子场论中Hamilton与Lagrange形式的联系

On the connection between Hamilton and Lagrange formalism in Quantum Field Theory

Selym Villalba-Chavez, Reinhard Alkofer, Kai Schwenzer

摘要:

对于基本场真空期望值为零的一般量子场论,建立了Hamilton形式与标准Lagrange形式之间的联系。两种形式中的有效作用量是相同的,当且仅当基本场和动量场通过定态条件相关联。这些动量场一般不同于通过有效作用量定义的正则场。通过泛函方法,提出了一个系统的程序来识别的完整的关联函数,这取决于动量场,作为那些通常出现在标准拉格朗日形式主义的泛函。而拉格朗日关联函数可以分解成树形图的分解汉密尔顿关联函数涉及类似于那些在n粒子有效行动中出现的环路校正。为了证明该方法,我们推导出的理论与线性化的相互作用的复合辅助场的传播子和基本自由度的。在库仑规范Yang-Mills理论的情况下,给出了共轭动量的横、纵分量的两点关联函数与规范场的关联函数之间的关系。

英文摘要:

The connection between the Hamilton and the standard Lagrange formalism is established for a generic Quantum Field Theory with vanishing vacuum expectation values of the fundamental fields. The Effective Actions in both formalisms are the same if and only if the fundamental fields and the momentum fields are related by the stationarity condition. These momentum fields in general differ from the canonical fields as defined via the Effective Action. By means of functional methods a systematic procedure is presented to identify the full correlation functions, which depend on the momentum fields, as functionals of those usually appearing in the standard Lagrange formalism. Whereas Lagrange correlation functions can be decomposed into tree diagrams the decomposition of Hamilton correlation functions involves loop corrections similar to those arising in n-particle effective actions. To demonstrate the method we derive for theories with linearized interactions the propagators of composite auxiliary fields and the ones of the fundamental degrees of freedom. The formalism is then utilized in the case of Coulomb gauge Yang-Mills theory for which the relations between the two-point correlation functions of the transversal and longitudinal components of the conjugate momentum to the ones of the gauge field are given.

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