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arXiv 0806.4173cond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.mtrl-sci
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分子和原子接触量子输运的密度泛函方法

Cluster-based density-functional approach to quantum transport through molecular and atomic contacts

F. Pauly, J. K. Viljas, U. Huniar, M. Hafner, S. Wohlthat, M. Burkle, J. C. Cuevas, G. Schon

摘要:

我们提出了一个基于团簇的密度泛函方法来模拟通过分子和原子接触的电荷传输。在密度泛函理论的框架下确定了接触的电子结构,并从有限团簇中提取了描述输运所需的参数。Damle等人[Chem.Phys.281,171(2002)]提出了一种类似的方法,仅限于电极中的最近邻相互作用。在这里,我们展示了如何系统地改善电极的描述,通过提取足够大的金属簇的体参数。通过这种方式,我们避免了使用非正交基函数所产生的问题。为了演示,我们将我们的方法应用到电子输运通过Au接触与各种原子链配置和单原子接触的Al。

英文摘要:

We present a cluster-based density-functional approach to model charge transport through molecular and atomic contacts. The electronic structure of the contacts is determined in the framework of density functional theory, and the parameters needed to describe transport are extracted from finite clusters. A similar procedure, restricted to nearest-neighbor interactions in the electrodes, has been presented by Damle et al. [Chem. Phys. 281, 171 (2002)]. Here, we show how to systematically improve the description of the electrodes by extracting bulk parameters from sufficiently large metal clusters. In this way we avoid problems arising from the use of nonorthogonal basis functions. For demonstration we apply our method to electron transport through Au contacts with various atomic-chain configurations and to a single-atom contact of Al.

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