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arXiv 0806.1400cond-mat.softcond-mat.mtrl-sci
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用剪切力学谱研究过冷液体动力学

Supercooled Liquid Dynamics Studied via Shear-Mechanical Spectroscopy

Claudio Maggi, Bo Jakobsen, Tage Christensen, N. B. Olsen, Jeppe C. Dyre

摘要:

我们报告动态剪切模量测量五个玻璃形成液体(五苯基三甲基三硅氧烷,邻苯二甲酸二乙酯,邻苯二甲酸二乙酯,1,2-丙二醇,和间甲苯)。剪切力学谱是由压电剪切模量计(PSG)方法获得的。该技术允许在1 mHz至10 kHz的频率范围内测量液体的剪切模量($10^{5} -10^{10}$ Pa)。我们分析的频率依赖的响应函数,以调查是否遵守时间-温度叠加(TTS)。研究了剪切模量损失峰值的位置及其高频部分。有人提出,当应用TTS时,介电响应的虚部的高频侧像具有指数-1/2的频率的幂律那样减小。根据剪切力学数据对这一猜想进行了分析。我们发现五苯基三甲基三硅氧烷和1,2-丙二醇遵守TTS,而在其余的液体中的机械$β$过程的证据被发现,虽然高频幂律行为的$ω^{-α}$的剪切损失可能会接近一个极限值$α=0.5$时,降低温度,我们发现,指数系统地位于此值以上(约0.4)。对于两种无β弛豫的液体(五苯基三甲基三硅氧烷和1,2-丙二醇),我们还检验了推压模型预测,根据推压模型预测,弛豫时间活化能与瞬时剪切模量成正比。我们发现,该模型很好地描述了数据。

英文摘要:

We report dynamical shear-modulus measurements for five glass-forming liquids (pentaphenyl trimethyl trisiloxane, diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, 1,2-propanediol, and m-touluidine). The shear-mechanical spectra are obtained by the piezoelectric shear-modulus gauge (PSG) method. This technique allows one to measure the shear modulus ($10^{5} -10^{10}$ Pa) of the liquid within a frequency range from 1 mHz to 10 kHz. We analyze the frequency-dependent response functions to investigate whether time-temperature superposition (TTS) is obeyed. We also study the shear-modulus loss-peak position and its high-frequency part. It has been suggested that when TTS applies, the high-frequency side of the imaginary part of the dielectric response decreases like a power law of the frequency with an exponent -1/2. This conjecture is analyzed on the basis of the shear mechanical data. We find that TTS is obeyed for pentaphenyl trimethyl trisiloxane and in 1,2-propanediol while in the remaining liquids evidence of a mechanical $β$ process is found. Although the the high-frequency power law behavior $ω^{-α}$ of the shear-loss may approach a limiting value of $α=0.5$ when lowering the temperature, we find that the exponent lies systematically above this value (around 0.4). For the two liquids without beta relaxation (pentaphenyl trimethyl trisiloxane and 1,2-propanediol) we also test the shoving model prediction, according to which the the relaxation-time activation energy is proportional to the instantaneous shear modulus. We find that the data are well described by this model.

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