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arXiv 0804.1377quant-phastro-phcond-mat.mes-hallhep-th
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量子噪声作为纠缠度计

Quantum Noise as an Entanglement Meter

Israel Klich, Leonid Levitov

摘要:

纠缠熵是多体系统各部分之间量子相关性的度量,近年来作为基本量出现在理论物理的广泛领域,从宇宙学和场论到凝聚态理论和量子信息。纠缠熵概念之所以具有普遍的吸引力,部分原因在于它仅仅是根据系统的多体密度矩阵定义的,与任何特定的可观测量都没有关系。然而,出于同样的原因,如何通过实验获得这个量还不清楚。在这里,我们得到了纠缠熵和流经量子点接触(QPC)的电流波动之间的普遍关系,这开辟了一种方法来执行纠缠熵的直接测量。特别是,通过利用一维系统的时空对偶性,我们涉及到的电噪声产生的QPC周期性地打开和关闭的时间与种子S = 1/3 log L预测的共形场论。

英文摘要:

Entanglement entropy, which is a measure of quantum correlations between separate parts of a many-body system, has emerged recently as a fundamental quantity in broad areas of theoretical physics, from cosmology and field theory to condensed matter theory and quantum information. The universal appeal of the entanglement entropy concept is related, in part, to the fact that it is defined solely in terms of the many-body density matrix of the system, with no relation to any particular observables. However, for the same reason, it has not been clear how to access this quantity experimentally. Here we derive a universal relation between entanglement entropy and the fluctuations of current flowing through a quantum point contact (QPC) which opens a way to perform a direct measurement of entanglement entropy. In particular, by utilizing space-time duality of 1d systems, we relate electric noise generated by opening and closing the QPC periodically in time with the seminal S = 1/3 log L prediction of conformal field theory.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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