A Banach space has the weak fixed point property if its dual space has a weak$^*$ sequentially compact unit ball and the dual space satisfies the weak$^*$ uniform Kadec-Klee property; and it has the \fpp if there exists $ε>0$ such that, for every infinite subset $A$ of the unit sphere of the dual space, $A\cup (-A)$ fails to be $(2-ε)$-separated. In particular, $E$-convex Banach spaces, a class of spaces that includes the uniformly nonsquare spaces, have the fixed point property.
We characterise the weak$^*$ symmetric strong diameter $2$ property in Lipschitz function spaces by a property of its predual, the Lipschitz-free space. We call this new property decomposable octahedrality and study its duality with the symmetric strong diameter $2$ property in general. For a Banach space to be decomposably octahedral it is sufficient that its dual space has the weak$^*$ symmetric strong diameter $2$ property. Whether it is also a necessary condition remains open.
We characterize the points of $\left\|\cdot\right\|$-$w^*$ continuity of dual maps, turning out to be the smooth points. We prove that a Banach space has the Schur property if and only if it has the Dunford-Pettis property and there exists a dual map that is sequentially $w$-$w$ continuous at $0$. As consequence, we show the existence of smooth Banach spaces on which the dual map is not $w$-$w$ continuous at $0$.
It is shown that if the dual of a separable Banach space has Property($K^*$) then the original space has the weak fixed point property. This is an improvement of previously results.
We extend the well-known criterion of Lotz for the dual Radon-Nikodym property (RNP) of Banach lattices to finitely generated Banach $C(K)$-modules and Banach $C(K)$-modules of finite multiplicity. Namely, we prove that if $X$ is a Banach space from one of these classes then its Banach dual $X^\star$ has the RNP iff $X$ does not contain a closed subspace isomorphic to $\ell^1$.
In this paper we study the $w^*$-fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings. First we show that the dual space $X^*$ lacks the $w^*$-fixed point property whenever $X$ contains an isometric copy of the space $c$. Then, the main result of our paper provides several characterizations of weak-star topologies that fail the fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings in $\ell_1$ space. This result allows us to obtain a characterization of all separable Lindenstrauss spaces $X$ inducing the failure of $w^*$-fixed point property in $X^*$.
It is shown that if the dual of a Banach space, $X^*$, where the dual ball is weak* sequentially compact, has the weak* uniform Kadec-Klee property then $X^*$ has Property($K^*$). An example is given where the reverse implication does not hold. That is, there is a Banach space $X$ whose dual, $X^*$, has Property($K^*$) but $X^*$ does not have the weak* uniform Kadec-Klee property.
Given a Banach space X and a subspace Y, the pair (X,Y) is said to have the approximation property (AP) provided there is a net of finite rank bounded linear operators on X all of which leave the subspace Y invariant such that the net converges uniformly on compact subsets of X to the identity operator. The main result is an easy to apply dual formulation of this property. Applications are given to three space properties; in particular, if X has the approximation property and its subspace Y is script L-infinity, then X/Y has the approximation property.
In this note the following is proved. Separable L-embedded spaces - that is separable Banach spaces which are complemented in their biduals such that the norm between the two complementary subspaces is additive - have property (X) which, by a result of Godefroy and Talagrand, entails uniqueness of the space as a predual.
In this paper, we define concept of approximate fixed point property of a function and a set in intuitionistic fuzzy normed space. Furthermore, we give intuitionistic fuzzy version of some class of maps used in fixed point theory and investigate approximate fixed point property of these maps.
The weak maximizing property, compact perturbations and duality
Universitat de València（瓦伦西亚大学）；Universidad Torcuato Di Tella（托尔夸托·迪泰拉大学）；Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)（国家科学研究委员会）
We consider a Banach space, which comes naturally from c0 and it appears in the literature, and we prove that this space has the fixed point property for non-expansive mappings.
We show that if the conclusion of the well known Stampacchia Theorem, on variational inequalities, holds on a Banach space X, then X is isomorphic to a Hilbert space. Motivated by this we obtain a relevant result concerning self-dual Banach spaces and investigate some connections between existing notions of orthogonality and self-duality. Moreover, we revisit the notion of the cosine of a linear operator and show that it can be used to characterize Hilbert space structure. Finally, we present some consequences of our results to quadratic forms and to evolution triples.
It is shown that if a Banach space X has the weak Banach-Saks property and the weak fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings and Y satisfies property asymptotic (P) (which is weaker than the condition WCS(Y)>1), then the direct sum of X and Y endowed with a strictly monotone norm enjoys the weak fixed point property. The same conclusion is valid if X admits a 1-unconditional basis.
The main result of this paper is that every non-reflexive subspace $Y$ of $L_1[0,1]$ fails the fixed point property for closed, bounded, convex subsets $C$ of $Y$ and nonexpansive (or contractive) mappings on $C$. Combined with a theorem of Maurey we get that for subspaces $Y$ of $L_1[0,1]$, $Y$ is reflexive if and only if $Y$ has the fixed point property. For general Banach spaces the question as to whether reflexivity implies the fixed point property and the converse question are both still open.
We show that the super fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings and for asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in the intermediate sense are equivalent. As a consequence, we obtain fixed point theorems for asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in uniformly nonsquare and uniformly noncreasy Banach spaces. The results are generalized for commuting families of asymptotically nonexpansive mappings.
In this paper, we introduce a generalized notion of monotone property and prove some results regarding existence and uniqueness of multi-tupled fixed points for nonlinear contraction mappings satisfying monotone property in ordered complete metric spaces. Our results unify several classical and well known n-tupled (including coupled, tripled and quadruple ones) fixed point results existing in literature.
The duality of uniform approximation property for Banach spaces is well known. In this note, we establish, under the assumption of local reflexivity, the duality of uniform approximation property in the category of operator spaces.
We establish an approximate fixed point result for self-maps on compact convex subsets of Hausdorff topological vector spaces where continuity is not a necessary condition.
In the present article, we introduce a unified notion of multi-tupled fixed points and utilize the same to prove some existence and uniqueness unified multi-tupled fixed point theorems for Boyd-Wong type nonlinear contractions satisfying generalized mixed monotone property in ordered metric spaces. Our results unify several classical and well-known n-tupled (including coupled, tripled and quadrupled ones) fixed point results existing in the literature.
For a finite and positive measure space $(Ω,Σ,μ)$ and any weakly compact convex subset of $L\sp\infty(Ω,Σ,mu)$, a fixed point theorem for a class of nonexpansive self-mappings is proved. An analogous result is obtained for the space $C(Ω)$. An illustrative example is given.
We show that the direct sum of Banach spaces $X_{1},..., X_{r}$ with a strictly monotone norm has the weak fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings whenever $M(X_{i})>1$ for each $i=1,...,r$. In particular, $(X_{1} \oplus ... \oplus X_{r})_ψ$ enjoys the fixed point property if Banach spaces $X_{i}$ are uniformly nonsquare. This combined with the earlier results gives a definitive answer for r=2: the direct sum of uniformly nonsquare spaces $X_{1}, X_{2}$ with any monotone norm has FPP. Our results are extended for asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in the intermediate sense.
The aim of this paper is to study the $w^*$-fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings in the duals of separable Lindenstrauss spaces by means of suitable geometrical properties of the dual ball. First we show that a property concerning the behaviour of a class of $w^*$-closed subsets of the dual sphere is equivalent to the $w^*$-fixed point property. Then, the main result of our paper shows an equivalence between another, stronger geometrical property of the dual ball and the stable $w^*$-fixed point property. The last geometrical notion was introduced by Fonf and Veselý as a strengthenin…
We prove that every Banach space containing a subspace isomorphic to $\co$ fails the fixed point property. The proof is based on an amalgamation approach involving a suitable combination of known results and techniques, including James's distortion theorem, Ramsey's combinatorial theorem, Brunel-Sucheston spreading model techniques and Dowling, Lennard and Turett's fixed point methodology employed in their characterization of weak compactness in $\co$.
Suppose that E is a Banach space, τ a topology under which the norm of E becomes τ-lower semicontinuous and S a commuting family of τ-continuous nonexpansive mappings defined on a τ-compact convex subset C of E: It is shown that the set of common fixed points of S is a nonempty nonexpansive retract of C. Along the way, a few other related fixed point theorems are derived.
First we prove that if a separable Banach space $X$ contains an isometric copy of an infinite-dimensional space $A(S)$ of affine continuous functions on a Choquet simplex $S$, then its dual $X^*$ lacks the weak$^*$ fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings. Then, we show that the dual of a separable Lindenstrauss space $X$ fails the weak$^*$ fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings if and only if $X$ has a quotient isometric to some space $A(S)$. Moreover, we provide an example showing that "quotient" cannot be replaced by "subspace". Finally, it is worth to be mentioned that in our…
We characterize the weak-star point of continuity property for subspaces of dual spaces with separable predual and we deduce that the weak-star point of continuity property is determined by subspaces with a Schauder basis in the natural setting of dual spaces of separable Banach spaces. As a consequence of the above characterization we get that a dual space satisfies the Radon-Nikodym property if, and only if, every seminormalized topologically weak-star null tree has a boundedly complete branch, which improves some results in \cite{DF} obtained for the separable case. Also, as a consequence o…
A nonempty closed convex bounded subset $C$ of a Banach space is said to have the weak approximate fixed point property if for every continuous map $f:C\to C$ there is a sequence $\{x_n\}$ in $C$ such that $x_n-f(x_n)$ converge weakly to 0. We prove in particular that $C$ has this property whenever it contains no sequence equivalent to the standard basis of $\ell_1$. As a byproduct we obtain a characterization of Banach spaces not containing $\ell_1$ in terms of the weak topology.
Assume that $X$ is a Banach space of measurable functions for which Komlós' Theorem holds. We associate to any closed convex bounded subset $C$ of $X$ a coefficient $t(C)$ which attains its minimum value when $C$ is closed for the topology of convergence in measure and we prove some fixed point results for affine Lipschitzian mappings, depending on the value of $t(C)\in [1,2]$ and the value of the Lipschitz constants of the iterates. As a first consequence, for every $L<2$, we deduce the existence of fixed points for affine uniformly $L$-Lipschitzian mappings defined on the closed unit ball of…
We show that if a Banach space X has the weak fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings and Y has the generalized Gossez-Lami Dozo property or is uniformly convex in every direction, then the direct sum of X and Y with a strictly monotone norm has the weak fixed point property. The result is new even if Y is finite-dimensional.
In this paper we study two properties viz. property-$U$ and property-$SU$ of a subspace $Y$ of a Banach space which correspond to the uniqueness of the Hahn-Banach extension of each linear functional in $Y^*$ and in addition to that this association forms a linear operator of norm-1 from $Y^*$ to $X^*$. It is proved that, under certain geometric assumptions on $X, Y, Z$ these properties are stable with respect to the injective tensor product; $Y$ has property-$U$ ($SU$) in $Z$ if and only if $X\otimes_\e^\vee Y$ has property-$U$ ($SU$) in $X\otimes_\e^\vee Z$. We prove that when $X^*$ has the …
We obtain a refinement of a selection principle for $(\mathcal{K}, λ)$-wide-$(s)$ sequences in Banach spaces due to Rosenthal. This result is then used to show that if $C$ is a bounded, non-weakly compact, closed convex subset of a Banach space $X$, then there exists a Hausdorff vector topology $τ$ on $X$ which is weaker than the weak topology, a closed, convex $τ$-compact subset $K$ of $C$ and an affine bi-Lipschitz map $T: K\to K$ without fixed points.
Johnson and Schechtman (2009) characterized superreflexivity in terms of finite diamond graphs. The present author characterized the Radon-Nikodým property (RNP) for dual spaces in terms of the infinite diamond. This paper is devoted to further study of relations between metric characterizations of superreflexivity and the RNP for dual spaces. The main result is that finite subsets of any set $M$ whose embeddability characterizes the RNP for dual spaces, characterize superreflexivity. It is also observed that the converse statement does not hold, and that $M=\ell_2$ is a counterexample.
Let $X$ be a Banach space and let $C$ be a closed convex bounded subset of $X$. It is proved that $C$ is weakly compact if, and only if, $C$ has the {it generic} fixed point property ($\mathcal{G}$-FPP) for the class of $L$-bi-Lipschitz affine mappings for every $L>1$. It is also proved that if $X$ has Pełczyński's property $(u)$, then either $C$ is weakly compact, contains an $\ell_1$-sequence or a $\mathrm{c}_0$-summing basic sequence. In this case, weak compactness of $C$ is equivalent to the $\mathcal{G}$-FPP for the strengthened class of affine mappings that are uniformly bi-Lipschitz. We…
We provide a concrete isometric description of all the preduals of $\ell_1$ for which the standard basis in $\ell_1$ has a finite number of $w^*$-limit points. Then, we apply this result to give an example of an $\ell_1$-predual $X$ such that its dual $X^*$ lacks the weak$^*$ fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings (briefly, $w^*$-FPP), but $X$ does not contain an isometric copy of any hyperplane $W_α$ of the space $c$ of convergent sequences such that $W_α$ is a predual of $\ell_1$ and $W_α^*$ lacks the $w^*$-FPP. This answers a question left open in the 2017 paper of the present autho…
We consider a relatively new hybrid generalized F-contraction involving a pair of mappings and utilize the same to prove a common fixed point theorem for a hybrid pair of occasionally coincidentally idempotent mappings satisfying generalized $(F,φ)$-contraction condition under common limit range property in complete metric spaces. A similar result involving a hybrid pair of mappings satisfying a Rational type Hardy-Rogers $(F,φ)$-contractive condition is also proved. Our results generalize and improve several results of the existing literature. As applications of our results, we prove two theo…
A Banach space $X$ has the $2$-summing property if the norm of every linear operator from $X$ to a Hilbert space is equal to the $2$-summing norm of the operator. Up to a point, the theory of spaces which have this property is independent of the scalar field: the property is self-dual and any space with the property is a finite dimensional space of maximal distance to the Hilbert space of the same dimension. In the case of real scalars only the real line and real $\ell_\infty^2$ have the $2$-summing property. In the complex case there are more examples; e.g., all subspaces of complex $\ell_\in…
In this paper, we introduce the concept of quasi-point-separable topological vector spaces, which has the following important properties: 1.In general, the conditions for a topological vector space to be quasi-point-separable is not very difficult to check; 2.The class of quasi-point-separable topological vector spaces is very large that includes locally convex topological vector spaces and pseudonorm adjoint topological vector spaces as special cases; 3.Every quasi-point-separable Housdorrf topological vector space has the fixed point property (that is, every continuous self-mapping on any gi…
Let $A$ be a commutative semisimple Arens regular unital Banach algebra. The correlation between the BSE-property of the Banach algebra $A$ and its second duals are assessed. It is found and approved that if $A$ is a BSE-algebra, then so is $A^{**}$. The opposite correlation will hold in certain conditions. The correlation of the BSE-norm property of the Banach algebra and its second dual are assessed and examined. It is revealed that, if $A$ is a commutative Arens regular unital Banach algebra where $A^{**}$ is semisimple, then, $A$ and $A^{**}$ are BSE-norm algebra.
We study the diameter two properties in the spaces $JH$, $JT_\infty$ and $JH_\infty$. We show that the topological dual space of the previous Banach spaces fails every diameter two property. However, we prove that $JH$ and $JH_{\infty}$ satisfy the strong diameter two property, and so the dual norm of these spaces is octahedral. Also we find a closed hyperplane $M$ of $JH_\infty$ whose topological dual space enjoys the $w^*$-strong diameter two property and also $M$ and $M^*$ have an octahedral norm.
It is known that a Banach space has the strong diameter 2 property (i.e. every convex combination of slices of the unit ball has diameter 2) if and only if the norm on its dual space is octahedral (a notion introduced by Godefroy and Maurey). We introduce two more versions of octahedrality, which turn out to be dual properties to the diameter 2 property and its local version (i.e., respectively, every relatively weakly open subset and every slice of the unit ball has diameter 2). We study stability properties of different types of octahedrality, which, by duality, provide easier proofs of many…
Let $G$ be a topological group with finite Kazhdan set, let $Ω$ be a standard Borel space and $μ$ a finite measure on $Ω$. We prove that for any $p\in [1, \infty)$, any affine isometric action $G \curvearrowright L_p(Ω, μ)$ whose linear part arises from an ergodic measure-preserving action $G \curvearrowright (Ω, μ)$, has a fixed point.
We propose a fixed-point property for group actions on cones in topological vector spaces. In the special case of equicontinuous actions, we prove that this property always holds; this statement extends the classical Ryll-Nardzewski theorem for Banach spaces. When restricting to cones that are locally compact in the weak topology, we prove that the property holds for all distal actions, thus extending the general Ryll-Nardzewski theorem for all locally convex spaces. Returning to arbitrary actions, the proposed fixed-point property becomes a group property, considerably stronger than amenabili…
We prove the following two results for a given uniformly locally finite metric space with Yu's property A: 1) The group of outer automorphisms of its uniform Roe algebra is isomorphic to its group of bijective coarse equivalences modulo closeness. 2) The group of outer automorphisms of its Roe algebra is isomorphic to its group of coarse equivalences modulo closeness. The main difficulty lies in the latter. To prove that, we obtain several uniform approximability results for maps between Roe algebras and use them to obtain a theorem about the `uniqueness' of Cartan masas of Roe algebras. We fi…
In this paper, we study different kinds of normal properties for infinite system of arbitrarily many convex sets in a Banach space and provide the dual characterization for the normal property in terms of the extended Jamenson property for arbitrarily many weak*-closed convex cones in the dual space. Then, we use the normal property and the extended Jamenson property to study CHIP, strong CHIP and linear regularity for the infinite case of arbitrarily many convex sets and establish equivalent relationship among these properties. In particular, we extend main results in [3] on normal property, …
Broadly speaking, this paper is concerned with dual spaces of operator algebras. More precisely, we investigate the existence of what we call Lebesgue projections: central projections in the bidual of an operator algebra that detect the weak-$*$ continuous part of the dual space. Associated to any such projection is a Lebesgue decomposition of the dual space. We are particularly interested in Lebesgue projections in the context of inclusions of operator algebras. We show how their presence is intimately connected with an extension property for the inclusion reminiscent of a classical theorem o…
In this paper we generalize to unbounded convex subsets C of hyperbolic spaces results obtained by W.A. Kirk and R. Espinola on approximate fixed points of nonexpansive mappings in product spaces $(C\times M)_\infty$, where M is a metric space and C is a nonempty, convex, closed and bounded subset of a normed or a CAT(0)-space. We extend the results further, to families $(C_u)_{u\in M}$ of unbounded convex subsets of a hyperbolic space. The key ingredient in obtaining these generalizations is a uniform quantitative version of a theorem due to Borwein, Reich and Shafrir, obtained by the authors…
Let $X$ be a Hausdorff topological vector space, $X^*$ its topological dual and $Z$ a subset of $X^*$. In this paper, we establish some results concerning the $σ(X,Z)$-approximate fixed point property for bounded, closed convex subsets $C$ of $X$. Three major situations are studied. First when $Z$ is separable in the strong topology. Second when $X$ is a metrizable locally convex space and $Z=X^*$, and third when $X$ is not necessarily metrizable but admits a metrizable locally convex topology compatible with the duality. Our approach focuses on establishing the Fréchet-Urysohn property for ce…
We study property (T) and the fixed point property for actions on $L^p$ and other Banach spaces. We show that property (T) holds when $L^2$ is replaced by $L^p$ (and even a subspace/quotient of $L^p$), and that in fact it is independent of $1\leq p<\infty$. We show that the fixed point property for $L^p$ follows from property (T) when $1<p< 2+\e$. For simple Lie groups and their lattices, we prove that the fixed point property for $L^p$ holds for any $1< p<\infty$ if and only if the rank is at least two. Finally, we obtain a superrigidity result for actions of irreducible lattices in products …
