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arXiv 0802.3949q-bio.PEcond-mat.stat-mech
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准种模型的适应动力学

Adaptation dynamics of the quasispecies model

Kavita Jain

摘要:

我们研究的适应动力学的最初不适应的人口演变通过突变和选择的基本过程。进化发生在崎岖的适应度景观上,这些景观定义在多维基因型空间上,并且具有许多由低适应度谷分隔的局部峰。我们主要集中在本征模型,描述了确定性动力学的无限数量的自我复制分子。在稳定状态下,对于小的突变率,这样的群体形成{ \it准种},其由最适合的基因型及其密切相关的突变体组成。崎岖适应度景观上的准种动态遵循间断(或阶梯状)的模式,即种群从低适应度峰值跳到高适应度峰值,在那里停留相当长的时间,然后再次移动峰值,最终达到适应度景观的全局最大值.我们精确地计算了这个动力学过程中的几个性质的简化版本的准物种模型。

英文摘要:

We study the adaptation dynamics of an initially maladapted population evolving via the elementary processes of mutation and selection. The evolution occurs on rugged fitness landscapes which are defined on the multi-dimensional genotypic space and have many local peaks separated by low fitness valleys. We mainly focus on the Eigen's model that describes the deterministic dynamics of an infinite number of self-replicating molecules. In the stationary state, for small mutation rates such a population forms a {\it quasispecies} which consists of the fittest genotype and its closely related mutants. The quasispecies dynamics on rugged fitness landscape follow a punctuated (or step-like) pattern in which a population jumps from a low fitness peak to a higher one, stays there for a considerable time before shifting the peak again and eventually reaches the global maximum of the fitness landscape. We calculate exactly several properties of this dynamical process within a simplified version of the quasispecies model.

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