In this paper we determine the region of variability for certain subclasses of univalent functions satisfying differential inequalities. In the final section we graphically illustrate the region of variability for several sets of parameters.
By use of a modified Nunokawa's lemma, we obtain some new conditions for univalence. Also, some sharp inequalities concerning univalent functions are presented.
In this paper, we generalize and investigate Bohr-Rogosinski's inequalities and the Bohr-Rogosinski phenomenon for the subfamilies of univalent (i.e., one-to-one) functions defined on unit disk $\mathbb{D}:=\{z\in \mathbb{C}:|z|<1 \}$ which maps to the concave domain, i.e., the domain whose complement is a convex set. All the results are proved to be sharp.
We use the Baernstein star-function to investigate several questions about the integral means of the convolution of two analytic functions in the unit disc. The theory of univalent functions plays a basic role in our work.
n this article we consider functions meromorphic in the unit disk. We give an elementary proof for a condition that is sufficient for the univalence of such functions which also contains some known results. We include few open problems for further research.
In this paper, we investigate a new subclass of analytic and m-fold symmetric bi-univalent functions satisfying subordination in the open unit disk U. We consider the Fekete-Szegö inequalities for this class. Also, we establish estimates for the coefficients for this subclas and several related classes are also considered and connections to earlier known results are made.
Let $\ID$ denote the open unit disk and $f:\,\ID\TO\BAR\IC$ be meromorphic and univalent in $\ID$ with the simple pole at $p\in (0,1)$ and satisfying the standard normalization $f(0)=f'(0)-1=0$. Also, let $f$ have the expansion $$f(z)=\sum_{n=-1}^{\infty}a_n(z-p)^n,\quad |z-p|<1-p, $$ such that $f$ maps $\ID$ onto a domain whose complement with respect to $\BAR{\IC}$ is a convex set (starlike set with respect to a point $w_0\in \IC, w_0\neq 0$ resp.). We call these functions as concave (meromorphically starlike resp.) univalent functions and denote this class by $Co(p)$ $(Σ^s(p, w_0)$ resp.). …
Let ${\mathcal M}$ be the class of analytic functions in the unit disk $\ID$ with the normalization $f(0)=f'(0)-1=0$, and satisfying the condition $$\left |z^2\left (\frac{z}{f(z)}\right )''+ f'(z)\left(\frac{z}{f(z)} \right)^{2}-1\right |\leq 1, \quad z\in \ID. $$ Functions in $\mathcal{M}$ are known to be univalent in $\ID$. In this paper, it is shown that the harmonic mean of two functions in ${\mathcal M}$ are closed, that is, it belongs again to ${\mathcal M}$. This result also holds for other related classes of normalized univalent functions. A number of new examples of functions in $\ma…
In this article we prove Bohr inequalities for sense-preserving $K$-quasiconformal harmonic mappings defined in $\mathbb{D}$ and obtain the corresponding results for sense-preserving harmonic mappings by letting $K\to\infty$. One of the results includes the sharpened version of a theorem by Kayumov $\textit{et. al.}$ ($\textit{Math. Nachr.}$, 291 (2018), no. 11--12, 1757--1768). In addition Bohr inequalities have been established for uniformly locally univalent holomorphic functions, and for $\log(f(z)/z)$ where $f$ is univalent or inverse of a univalent function.
In the present work, we propose to investigate the second Hankel determinant inequalities for certain class of analytic and bi-univalent functions. Some interesting applications of the results presented here are also discussed.
In this paper, we define certain subclass of harmonic univalent function in the unit disc U = {z in C :|z|<1} by using q-differential operator. Also we obtain coefficient inequalities, growth and distortion theorems for this subclass.
The method of Grunsky inequalities has many applications and has been extended in many directions, even to bordered Riemann surfaces. However, unlike the case of functions univalent in the disk, a quasiconformal variant of this theory has not been developed so far. In this paper, we essentially improve the basic facts concerning the classical Grunsky inequalities for univalent functions on the disk and extend these results to arbitrary quasiconformal disks. Several applications are given.
Let $ \mathcal{H} $ be the class of complex-valued harmonic mappings $ f=h+\bar{g}$ defined in the unit disk $ \mathbb{D} : =\{z\in\mathbb{C} : |z|<1\} $, where $ h $ and $ g $ are analytic functions in $ \mathbb{D} $ with the normalization $ h(0)=0=h^{\prime}(0)-1 $ and $ g(0)=0 $. Let $ \mathcal{H}_{0}=\{f=h+\bar{g}\in\mathcal{H} : g^{\prime}(0)=0\}. $ Ghosh and Vasudevrao \cite{Ghosh-Vasudevarao-BAMS-2020} have studied the following interesting harmonic univalent class $ \mathcal{P}^{0}_{\mathcal{H}}(M) $ which is defined by $$\mathcal{P}^{0}_{\mathcal{H}}(M) :=\{f=h+\overline{g} \in \mathc…
Let $\mathcal{A}$ denote the class of analytic functions in the unit disk $\mathbb{D}:=\{z\in\mathbb{C}:|z|<1\}$ satisfying $f(0)=0$ and $f'(0)=1$. Let $\mathcal{U}$ be the class of functions $f\in\mathcal{A}$ satisfying $$\left|f'(z)\left(\frac{z}{f(z)}\right)^2-1 \right|< 1 \quad\mbox{ for } z\in\mathbb{D},$$ and $\mathscr{G}$ denote the class of functions $f\in \mathcal{A}$ satisfying $${\rm Re\,}\left(1+\frac{zf''(z)}{f'(z)}\right)>-\frac{1}{2} \quad\mbox{ for } z\in\mathbb{D}.$$
Our present investigation is motivated essentially by the fact that, in Geometric Function Theory, one can find many interesting and fruitful usages of a wide variety of special functions and special polynomials. The main purpose of this article is to make use of the Horadam polynomials and the generating function, in order to introduce three new subclasses of the bi-univalent function class. For functions belonging to the defined classes, we then derive coefficient inequalities and the Fekete Szego inequalities. Some interesting observations of the results presented here are also discussed. W…
In the present work, we propose to investigate the Fekete-Szegö inequalities certain classes of analytic and bi-univalent functions defined by subordination. The results in the bounds of the third coefficient which improve many known results concerning different classes of bi-univalent functions. Some interesting applications of the results presented here are also discussed.
In this work, we consider certain class of bi-univalent functions related with shell-like curves related to $κ-$Fibonacci numbers. Further, we obtain the estimates of initial Taylor-Maclaurin coefficients (second and third coefficients) and Fekete - Szegö inequalities. Also we discuss the special cases of the obtained results.
We discuss the problem of embedding univalent functions into Loewner chains in higher dimension. In particular, we prove that a normalized univalent map of the ball in $\C^n$ whose image is a smooth strongly pseudoconvex domain is embeddable into a normalized Loewner chain (satisfying also some extra regularity properties) if and only if the closure of the image is polynomially convex.
Our objective in this paper is to introduce and investigate a newly-constructed subclass of normalized analytic and bi-univalent functions by means of the Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind. Upper bounds for the second and third Taylor-Maclaurin coefficients, and also Fekete-Szego inequalities of functions belonging to this subclass are founded. Several connections to some of the earlier known results are also pointed out.
We establish some estimates of the the angular derivatives from below for holomorphic self-maps of the unit disk at one and two fixed points of the unit circle provided there is no fixed point inside the unit disk. The results complement Cowen-Pommerenke and Anderson-Vasil'ev type estimates in the case of univalent functions. We use the method of extremal length and propose a new semigroup approach to deriving inequalities for holomorphic self-maps of the disk which are not necessarily univalent using known inequalities for univalent functions. This approach allowed us to receive a new Osserma…
In this paper we introduce and investigate two new subclasses of the function class $Σ$ of bi-univalent functions of complex order defined in the open unit disk, which are associated with the Hohlov operator, and satisfying subordinate conditions. Furthermore, we find estimates on the Taylor-MacLaurin coefficients $|a_2|$ and $|a_3|$ for functions in these new subclasses. Several known or new consequences of these results are also pointed out.
Estimates on the initial coefficients are obtained for normalized analytic functions $f$ in the open unit disk with $f$ and its inverse $g=f^{-1}$ satisfying the conditions that $zf'(z)/f(z)$ and $zg'(z)/g(z)$ are both subordinate to a starlike univalent function whose range is symmetric with respect to the real axis. Several related classes of functions are also considered, and connections to earlier known results are made.
For univalent and normalized functions $f$ the logarithmic coefficients $γ_n(f)$ are determined by the formula $\log(f(z)/z)=\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}2γ_n(f)z^n$. In the paper \cite{Pon} the authors posed the conjecture that a locally univalent function in the unit disk, satisfying the condition \[ \Re\left\{1+zf''(z)/f'(z)\right\}<1+λ/2\quad (z\in \mathbb{D}), \] fulfill also the following inequality: $$|γ_n(f)|\le λ/(2n(n+1)).$$ Here $λ$ is a real number such that $0<λ\le 1$. In the paper we confirm that the conjecture is true, and sharp.
We investigate the invariant metrics and complex geodesics in the universal Teichmüller space and Teichmüller space of the punctured disk using Milin's coefficient inequalities. This technique allows us to establish that all non-expanding invariant metrics in either of these spaces coincide with its intrinsic Teichmüller metric. Other applications concern the variational theory for univalent functions with quasiconformal extension. It turns out that geometric features caused by the equality of metrics and connection with complex geodesics provide deep distortion results for various classes of …
In this paper, we obtain the Fekete-Szegö problem for the $k$-th $(k\geq1)$ root transform of the analytic and normalized functions $f$ satisfying the condition \begin{equation*} 1+\frac{α-π}{2 \sin α}< {\rm Re}\left\{\frac{zf'(z)}{f(z)}\right\} < 1+\fracα{2\sin α} \quad (|z|<1), \end{equation*} where $π/2\leq α<π$. Afterwards, by the above two-sided inequality we introduce and investigate a certain subclass of analytic and bi-univalent functions in the disk $|z|<1$ and obtain upper bounds for the first few coefficients and Fekete-Szegö problem for functions belonging to this analytic and bi-u…
Recently, in their pioneering work on the subject of bi-univalent functions, Srivastava et al. \cite{HMS-AKM-PG} actually revived the study of the coefficient problems involving bi-univalent functions. Inspired by the pioneering work of Srivastava et al. \cite{HMS-AKM-PG}, there has been triggering interest to study the coefficient problems for the different subclasses of bi-univalent functions. Motivated largely by Ali et al. \cite{Ali-Ravi-Ma-Mina-class}, Srivastava et al. \cite{HMS-AKM-PG} and Güney et al. \cite{HOG-GMS-JS-Fib-2018} in this paper, we consider certain classes of bi-univalent…
Let $E$ be the open unit disk $\{z\in \mathbb{C}: |z|<1\}$. Let $A$ be the class of analytic functions in $E$, which have the form $f(z)=z+a_2z^2+...$. We define operators $L_n^σ\colon A\to A$ using the convolution *. Using these operators, we define and study new classes of functions in the unit disk. Moreover, we obtain some basic properties of the new classes, namely inclusion, growth, covering, distortion, closure under certain integral transformation and coefficient inequalities.
We obtain sharp estimates for a generalized Zalcman coefficient functional with a complex parameter for the Hurwitz class and the Noshiro-Warschawski class of univalent functions as well as for the closed convex hulls of the convex and starlike functions by using an inequality from [6]. In particular, we generalize an inequality proved by Ma for starlike functions and answer a question from his paper [16]. Finally, we prove an asymptotic version of the generalized Zalcman conjecture for univalent functions and discuss various related or equivalent statements which may shed further light on the…
Let $Co(α)$ denote the class of concave univalent functions in the unit disk $\ID$. Each function $f\in Co(α)$ maps the unit disk $\ID$ onto the complement of an unbounded convex set. In this paper we find the exact disk of variability for the functional $(1-|z|^2)\left ( f''(z)/f'(z)\right)$, $f\in Co(α)$. In particular, this gives sharp upper and lower estimates for the pre-Schwarzian norm of concave univalent functions. Next we obtain the set of variability of the functional $(1-|z|^2)\left(f''(z)/f'(z)\right)$, $f\in Co(α)$ whenever $f''(0)$ is fixed. We also give a characterization for co…
We investigate the non-univalent function's properties reminiscent of the theory of univalent starlike functions. Let the analytic function $ψ(z)=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}A_i z^i$, $A_1\neq0$ be univalent in the unit disk. Non-univalent functions may be found in the class $\mathcal{F}(ψ)$ of analytic functions $f$ of the form $f(z)=z+\sum_{k=2}^{\infty}a_k z^k$ satisfying $({zf'(z)}/{f(z)}-1) \prec ψ(z)$. Such functions, like the Ma and Minda classes of starlike functions, also have nice geometric properties. For these functions, growth and distortion theorems have been established. Further, we obta…
Let ${\mathcal S}$ be the class of all functions $f$ that are analytic and univalent in the unit disk $\ID$ with the normalization $f(0)=f'(0)-1=0$. Let $\mathcal{U} (λ)$ denote the set of all $f\in {\mathcal S}$ satisfying the condition $$|f'(z)(\frac{z}{f(z)})^{2}-1| <λ~for $z\in \ID$, $$ for some $λ\in (0,1]$. In this paper, among other things, we study a "harmonic mean" of two univalent analytic functions. More precisely, we discuss the properties of the class of functions $F$ of the form $$\frac{z}{F(z)}=1/2(\frac{z}{f(z)}+\frac{z}{g(z)}), $$ where $f,g\in \mathcal{S}$ or $f,g\in \mathcal…
Let $\mathcal{A}$ denote the class of analytic functions in the unit disk $\mathbb{D}$ of the form $f(z)= z+\sum_{n=2}^{\infty}a_n z^n$ and $\mathcal{S}$ denote the class of functions $f\in\mathcal{A}$ which are univalent ({\it i.e.}, one-to-one). In 1960s, L. Zalcman conjectured that $|a_n^2-a_{2n-1}|\le (n-1)^2$ for $n\ge 2$, which implies the famous Bieberbach conjecture $|a_n|\le n$ for $n\ge 2$. For $f\in \mathcal{S}$, Ma \cite{Ma-1999} proposed a generalized Zalcman conjecture $$|a_{n}a_{m}-a_{n+m-1}|\le (n-1)(m-1) $$ for $n\ge 2, m\ge 2$. Let $\mathcal{U}$ be the class of functions $f\i…
Let $Ω$ denote the class of functions $f$ analytic in the open unit disc $Δ$, normalized by the condition $f(0)=f'(0)-1=0$ and satisfying the inequality \begin{equation*} \left|zf'(z)-f(z)\right|<\frac{1}{2}\quad(z\inΔ). \end{equation*} The class $Ω$ was introduced recently by Peng and Zhong (Acta Math Sci {\bf37B(1)}:69--78, 2017). Also let $\mathcal{U}$ denote the class of functions $f$ analytic and normalized in $Δ$ and satisfying the condition \begin{equation*} \left|\left(\frac{z}{f(z)}\right)^2f'(z)-1\right|<1\quad(z\inΔ). \end{equation*} In this article, we obtain some further results f…
The primary aim of this article is to extend certain inequalities concerning the pre-Schwarzian derivatives from the case of analytic univalent functions to that of univalent harmonic mappings defined on certain domains. This is done in two different ways. One of the ways is to connect with a conjecture on the univalent harmonic mappings. Also, we improve certain known results on the majorization of the Jacobian of functions in the affine and linear invariant family of sense-preserving harmonic mappings. This is achieved as an application of a corresponding distortion theorem in terms of the h…
In this article we consider the class $\mathcal{A}(p)$ which consists of functions that are meromorphic in the unit disc $\ID$ having a simple pole at $z=p\in (0,1)$ with the normalization $f(0)=0=f'(0)-1 $. First we prove some sufficient conditions for univalence of such functions in $\ID$. One of these conditions enable us to consider the class $\mathcal{V}_{p}(λ)$ that consists of functions satisfying certain differential inequality which forces univalence of such functions. Next we establish that $\mathcal{U}_{p}(λ)\subsetneq \mathcal{V}_{p}(λ)$, where $\mathcal{U}_{p}(λ)$ was introduced a…
A starlike univalent function $f$ is characterized by the function $zf'(z)/f(z)$; several subclasses of these functions were studied in the past by restricting the function $zf'(z)/f(z)$ to take values in a region $Ω$ on the right-half plane, or, equivalently, by requiring the function $zf'(z)/f(z)$ to be subordinate to the corresponding mapping of the unit disk $\mathbb{D}$ to the region $Ω$. The mappings $w_1(z):=z+\sqrt{1+z^2}, w_2(z):=\sqrt{1+z}$ and $w_3(z):=e^z$ maps the unit disk $\mathbb{D}$ to various regions in the right half plane. For normalized analytic functions $f$ satisfying th…
For $α\in\IC\setminus \{0\}$ let $\mathcal{E}(α)$ denote the class of all univalent functions $f$ in the unit disk $\mathbb{D}$ and is given by $f(z)=z+a_2z^2+a_3z^3+\cdots$, satisfying $$ {\rm Re\,} \left (1+ \frac{zf''(z)}{f'(z)}+αzf'(z)\right)>0 \quad {in ${\mathbb D}$}. $$ For any fixed $z_0$ in the unit disk $\mathbb{D}$ and $λ\in\overline{\mathbb{D}}$, we determine the region of variability $V(z_0,λ)$ for $\log f'(z_0)+αf(z_0)$ when $f$ ranges over the class $$\mathcal{F}_α(λ)=\left\{f\in\mathcal{E}(α) \colon f''(0)=2λ-α%\quad{and} f'''(0)=2[(1-|λ|^2)a+ %(λ-α)^2 -λα] \right\}. $$ We geom…
By considering a fixed point in unit disk $Δ$, a new class of univalent convex functions is defined. Coefficient inequalities, integral operator and extreme points of this class are obtained.
Let $\mathcal{V}_p(λ)$ be the collection of all functions $f$ defined in the unit disc $\ID$ having a simple pole at $z=p$ where $0<p<1$ and analytic in $\ID\setminus\{p\}$ with $f(0)=0=f'(0)-1$ and satisfying the differential inequality $|(z/f(z))^2 f'(z)-1|< λ$ for $z\in \ID$, $0<λ\leq 1$. Each $f\in\mathcal{V}_p(λ)$ has the following Taylor expansion: $$ f(z)=z+\sum_{n=2}^{\infty}a_n(f) z^n, \quad |z|<p. $$ In \cite{BF-3}, we conjectured that $$ |a_n(f)|\leq \frac{1-(λp^2)^n}{p^{n-1}(1-λp^2)}\quad \mbox{for}\quad n\geq3. $$ In the present article, we first obtain a representation formula fo…
In the present article, our goal is finding estimates on the Taylor-Maclaurin coefficients |a2| and |a3| for a new class of bi-univalent functions defined by means of the Horadam polynomials. Fekete-Szego inequalities of functions belonging to this subclass are also founded.
For $0<λ\le 1$, let $\mathcal{U}(λ)$ be the class analytic functions $f(z)= z+\sum_{n=2}^{\infty}a_n z^n$ in the unit disk $\mathbb{D}$ satisfying $|f'(z)(z/f(z))^2-1|<λ$ and $\mathcal{U}:=\mathcal{U}(1)$. In the present article, we prove that the class $\mathcal{U}$ is contained in the closed convex hull of the class of starlike functions and using this fact, we solve some extremal problems such as integral mean problem and arc length problem for functions in $\mathcal{U}$. By means of the so-called theory of star functions, we also solve the integral mean problem for functions in $\mathcal{U…
I. M. Milin proposed, in his 1971 paper, a system of inequalities for the logarithmic coefficients of normalized univalent functions on the unit disk of the complex plane. This is known as the Lebedev-Milin conjecture and implies the Robertson conjecture which in turn implies the Bieberbach conjecture. In 1984, Louis de Branges settled the long-standing Bieberbach conjecture by showing the Lebedev-Milin conjecture. Recently, O.~Roth proved an interesting sharp inequality for the logarithmic coefficients based on the proof by de Branges. In this paper, following Roth's ideas, we will show more …
For $0\leq α<1$, the sharp radii of starlikeness and convexity of order $α$ for functions of the form $f(z)=z+a_2z^2+a_3z^3+...$ whose Taylor coefficients $a_n$ satisfy the conditions $|a_2|=2b$, $0\leq b\leq 1$, and $|a_n|\leq n $, $M$ or $M/n$ ($M>0$) for $n\geq 3$ are obtained. Also a class of functions related to Carathéodory functions is considered.
Let ${\mathcal U}(λ)$ denote the family of analytic functions $f(z)$, $f(0)=0=f'(0)-1$, in the unit disk $\ID$, which satisfy the condition $\big |\big (z/f(z)\big )^{2}f'(z)-1\big |<λ$ for some $0<λ\leq 1$. The logarithmic coefficients $γ_n$ of $f$ are defined by the formula $\log(f(z)/z)=2\sum_{n=1}^\infty γ_nz^n$. In a recent paper, the present authors proposed a conjecture that if $f\in {\mathcal U}(λ)$ for some $0<λ\leq 1$, then $|a_n|\leq \sum_{k=0}^{n-1}λ^k$ for $n\geq 2$ and provided a new proof for the case $n=2$. One of the aims of this article is to present a proof of this conjectur…
We determine the Bohr radius for the class of odd functions $f$ satisfying $|f(z)|\le 1$ for all $|z|<1$, settling the recent conjecture of Ali, Barnard and Solynin \cite{AliBarSoly}. In fact, we solve this problem in a more general setting. Then we discuss Bohr's radius for the class of analytic functions $g$, when $g$ is subordinate to a member of the class of odd univalent functions.
The Bohr radius for the class of harmonic functions of the form $ f(z)=h+\overline{g} $ in the unit disk $ \mathbb{D}:=\{z\in\mathbb{C} : |z|<1\} $, where $ h(z)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}a_nz^n $ and $ g(z)=\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}b_nz^n $ is to find the largest radius $ r_f $, $ 0<r_f<1 $ such that \begin{equation*} \sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\left(|a_n|+|b_n|\right)|z|^n\leq d(f(0),\partial f(\mathbb{D})) \end{equation*} holds for $ |z|=r\leq r_f $, where $ d(f(0),\partial f(\mathbb{D})) $ is the Euclidean distance between $ f(0) $ and the boundary of $ f(\mathbb{D}) $. In this paper, we prove two-type of impr…
We consider certain inequalities among the Apollonian metric, the Apollonian inner metric, the $j$ metric and the quasihyperbolic metric. We verify that whether these inequalities can occur in simply connected planar domains and in proper subdomains of $\mathbb{R}^n~(n\ge 2)$. We have seen from our verification that most of the cases cannot occur. This means that there are many restrictions on domains in which these inequalities can occur. We also consider two metrics $j$ and $d$, and investigate whether a plane domain $D\varsubsetneq\mathbb{C}$, for which there exists a constant $c>0$ with $j…
We introduce the class of analytic functions $$\mathcal{F}(ψ):= \left\{f\in \mathcal{A}: \left(\frac{zf'(z)}{f(z)}-1\right) \prec ψ(z),\; ψ(0)=0 \right\},$$ where $ψ$ is univalent and establish the growth theorem with some geometric conditions on $ψ$ and obtain the Koebe domain with some related sharp inequalities. Note that functions in this class may not be univalent. As an application, we obtain the growth theorem for the complete range of $α$ and $β$ for the functions in the classes $\mathcal{BS}(α):= \{f\in \mathcal{A} : ({zf'(z)}/{f(z)})-1 \prec {z}/{(1-αz^2)},\; α\in [0,1) \}$ and $\mat…