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arXiv 0801.2015astro-ph
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SN 2006 jc型喷出物中尘埃的早期形成及尘埃的温度和质量

Early Formation of Dust in the Ejecta of Type Ib SN 2006jc and Temperature and Mass of the Dust

T. Nozawa, T. Kozasa, N. Tominaga, I. Sakon, M. Tanaka, T. Suzuki, K. Nomoto, K. Maeda, H. Umeda, M. Limongi, T. Onaka

摘要:

SN 2006 jc是一颗奇特的超新星,其尘埃的形成在爆炸后约50天的早期被证实。我们调查这样一个早期形成的尘埃颗粒在SN 2006 jc的膨胀喷出物的可能性,应用Ib型SN模型,是开发重现所观察到的光变曲线。我们发现SN 2006 jc中气体温度的快速下降使得富C层中的C颗粒在爆炸后40-60天凝结,随后是硅酸盐和氧化物颗粒的凝结,直到~200天。由于冷凝时气体密度低,每个颗粒种类的平均半径被限制在小于0.01微米。计算出的尘埃总质量约为1.5 Msun,其中C尘占0.7 Msun。另一方面,基于计算的尘埃温度,我们表明,评估再现AKARI和MAGNUM在200天观测到的光谱能量分布的尘埃种类和质量与尘埃形成计算得到的结果不同;对观测到的通量有贡献的尘埃物质是热的C和FeS颗粒,质量分别为$5.6 \times 10^{-4}$ Msun和$2.0 \times 10^{-3}$ Msun,虽然我们不能否认存在大量的冷尘埃,如硅酸盐和氧化物颗粒高达0.5 Msun。负责计算和评估质量的C和FeS颗粒之间的差异的物理过程之一,可以被认为是破坏小尺寸的集群内的喷出物中的高能光子和电子在早期的时代。

英文摘要:

SN 2006jc is a peculiar supernova (SN), in which the formation of dust has been confirmed at an early epoch of ~50 days after the explosion. We investigate the possibility of such an earlier formation of dust grains in the expanding ejecta of SN 2006jc, applying the Type Ib SN model that is developed to reproduce the observed light curve. We find that the rapid decrease of the gas temperature in SN 2006jc enables the condensation of C grains in the C-rich layer at 40-60 days after the explosion, which is followed by the condensation of silicate and oxide grains until ~200 days. The average radius of each grain species is confined to be less than 0.01 micron due to the low gas density at the condensation time. The calculated total dust mass reaches ~1.5 Msun, of which C dust shares 0.7 Msun. On the other hand, based on the calculated dust temperature, we show that the dust species and mass evaluated to reproduce the spectral energy distribution observed by AKARI and MAGNUM at day 200 are different from those obtained by the dust formation calculations; the dust species contributing to the observed flux are hot C and FeS grains with masses of $5.6 \times 10^{-4}$ Msun and $2.0 \times 10^{-3}$ Msun, respectively, though we cannot defy the presence of a large amount of cold dust such as silicate and oxide grains up to 0.5 Msun. One of the physical processes responsible for the difference between calculated and evaluated masses of C and FeS grains could be considered to be the destruction of small-sized clusters by energetic photons and electrons prevailing within the ejecta at the earlier epoch.

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