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arXiv 0812.1448astro-ph
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早期宇宙尘埃的起源和性质

Origin and Nature of Dust in the Early Universe

T. Nozawa, T. Kozasa, H. Umeda, H. Hirashita, K. Maeda, K. Nomoto, N. Tominaga, A. Habe, E. Dwek, T. T. Takeuchi, T. T. Ishii

摘要:

我们目前的最新进展,在理论研究的尘埃形成和演化的原始超新星(SNe)被认为是在早期宇宙中的尘埃的主要来源。结合星族III SNe喷出物中尘埃形成的计算结果,对超新星遗迹(SNRs)中新形成尘埃演化的研究表明,较小的尘埃颗粒主要在冲击气体中被溅射破坏,而较大的尘埃颗粒则被注入到周围介质中。在SNR中,在破坏中幸存的尘埃颗粒的质量达到0.1- 15 $M_\odot$,这足以解释在$z > 5$观测到的类星体宿主星系的尘埃含量。此外,喷出物中形成的尘埃的运输导致原始SNRs致密壳层中低质量恒星的形成,并影响这些恒星的元素组成。我们还表明,平坦的消光曲线预计在高红移宇宙SNe的尘埃的可能来源。

英文摘要:

We present recent advances in theoretical studies of the formation and evolution of dust in primordial supernovae (SNe) that are considered to be the main sources of dust in the early universe. Being combined with the results of calculations of dust formation in the ejecta of Population III SNe, the investigations of the evolution of newly formed dust within supernova remnants (SNRs) show that smaller grains are predominantly destroyed by sputtering in the shocked gas, while larger grains are injected into the ambient medium. The mass of dust grains surviving the destruction in SNRs reaches up to 0.1--15 $M_\odot$, which is high enough to account for the content of dust observed for the host galaxies of quasars at $z > 5$. In addition, the transport of dust formed in the ejecta causes the formation of low-mass stars in the dense shell of primordial SNRs and affects the elemental composition of those stars. We also show that the flat extinction curve is expected in the high-redshift universe where SNe are the possible sources of dust.

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