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arXiv 0811.1867astro-ph
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利用高红移伽马射线暴探测早期宇宙尘埃

Probing Cosmic Dust of the Early Universe through High-Redshift Gamma-Ray Bursts

S. L. Liang, Aigen Li

摘要:

我们探索的消光性质的尘埃在遥远的宇宙中通过高红移伽玛暴的余辉的基础上的“德鲁德”模型,与以往的研究不同,不需要事先假设的模板消光定律。我们选择了z~2.45的GRB 070802(这显示了2175年灭绝撞击的明确证据)和z~6.29的GRB 050904,这是迄今为止观测到的第二远的伽玛射线暴。我们拟合了它们的余辉光谱,以确定它们的宿主星系的灭绝。我们发现:(1)它们的消光曲线与银河系、小麦哲伦云和大麦云云(在文献中被广泛采用为消光定律的模板)的消光曲线有很大的不同;(2)2175光年的消光特征似乎也存在于GRB 050904中z~6.29处;(3)似乎没有强有力的证据表明尘埃消光依赖于红移。推断出的消光曲线是密切复制的混合物的无定形硅酸盐和石墨,这两者都是预期的超新星凝聚物,并已确定在原始陨石作为太阳前颗粒起源于超新星(这被认为是在高Z尘埃的主要来源)。

英文摘要:

We explore the extinction properties of the dust in the distant universe through the afterglows of high-redshifted GRBs based on the "Drude" model which, unlike previous studies, does not require a prior assumption of template extinction laws. We select GRB070802 at z~2.45 (which shows clear evidence for the 2175Åextinction bump) and GRB050904 at z~6.29, the 2nd most distant GRB observed to date. We fit their afterglow spectra to determine the extinction of their host galaxies. We find that (1) their extinction curves differ substantially from that of the Milky Way, the Small and Large Magellanic Clouds (which were widely adopted as template extinction laws in literature); (2) the 2175Åextinction feature appears to be also present in GRB050904 at z~6.29; and (3) there does not appear to show strong evidence for a dependence of dust extinction on redshifts. The inferred extinction curves are closely reproduced in terms of a mixture of amorphous silicate and graphite, both of which are expected supernova condensates and have been identified in primitive meteorites as presolar grains originating from supernovae (which are considered as the main source of dust at high-z).

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