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arXiv 0801.1178cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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轻过渡金属单原子链

Light Transition Metal Monatomic Chains

C. Ataca, S. Cahangirov, E. Durgun, Y. -R. Jang, S. Ciraci

摘要:

本文采用第一性原理赝势平面波方法研究了3d轻过渡金属原子链的结构、电子和磁性。本文研究了周期线性、二聚线性和平面锯齿链结构及其由有限个原子组成的短链段。与Cu一样,Mn、Co和Ni的周期性线性链对应于局部浅最小值。然而,对于大多数无限周期链来说,线性结构和二聚线性结构都不受欢迎;为了降低能量,链经历结构转变,形成平面锯齿形和二聚锯齿形几何形状。无限和有限链中的二聚化比通常的Peierls畸变强得多,并且似乎取决于3d电子的数量。作为二聚化的结果,发生显著的能量降低,这进而影响稳定性和物理性质。钒的金属线性链在二聚化后变成半金属。钪的无限线性链在转变为锯齿形结构时也变成半金属。揭示了磁性基态与链的原子结构和电子结构之间的相互作用。端部效应影响有限长链的几何、能量和磁性基态。使用非共线近似进行的结构优化表明与共线近似有显着差异。无限和有限尺寸链的结合能随3d电子数的变化模拟了Friedel指出的整体行为。有限链的自旋轨道耦合被发现是可以忽略的小。

英文摘要:

In this paper we investigated structural, electronic and magnetic properties of 3d (light) transition metal (TM) atomic chains using first-principles pseudopotential plane wave calculations. Periodic linear, dimerized linear and planar zigzag chain structures and their short segments consisting of finite number of atoms have been considered. Like Cu, the periodic, linear chains of Mn, Co and Ni correspond to a local shallow minimum. However, for most of the infinite periodic chains, neither linear nor dimerized linear structures are favored; to lower their energy the chains undergo a structural transformation to form planar zigzag and dimerized zigzag geometry. Dimerization in both infinite and finite chains are much stronger than the usual Peierls distortion and appear to depend on the number of 3d-electrons. As a result of dimerization, a significant energy lowering occurs which, in turn, influences the stability and physical properties. Metallic linear chain of Vanadium becomes half-metallic upon dimerization. Infinite linear chain of Scandium also becomes half-metallic upon transformation to zigzag structure. An interplay between the magnetic ground state and atomic as well as electronic structure of the chain has been revealed. The end effects influence the geometry, energetics and magnetic ground state of the finite chains. Structure optimization performed using noncollinear approximation indicates significant differences from the collinear approximation. Variation of the cohesive energy of infinite and finite-size chains with respect to the number of 3d-electrons are found to mimic the bulk behavior pointed out by Friedel. The spin-orbit coupling of finite chains are found to be negligibly small.

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