本文用微观HSD输运方法研究了1- 2AGeV核-核碰撞以及基元pp和pd反应中双轻子的产生。这项研究还涉及生产的$π^0$和$η$介子,因为他们的达利茨衰变提供了相当大的贡献,双轻子不变的质谱高达约0.5 GeV。我们的输运结果与TAPS实验数据的$π$和$η$多重数在0.8 - 2 A GeV的C+C碰撞中的结果一致。我们发现,“DLS难题”-解决低估的$e^+e^-$产量在质量范围从0.2到0.5 GeV的C+C和Ca+Ca碰撞-可能会得到解决时,将更强的韧致辐射的贡献与最近的OBE计算。此外,HSD的结果与“增强”韧致辐射截面同意非常好的HADES实验数据的双轻子质谱的C+C在1和2 A GeV,特别是当包括碰撞加宽的矢量介子谱函数。详细的预测双轻子谱从pp和pn/pd反应在1.25 GeV,2.2 GeV和3.5 GeV的,这将允许验证/证伪较大的韧致辐射的贡献,从实验方面在不久的将来。
英文摘要:
Dilepton production in nucleus-nucleus collisions at 1-2 A GeV as well as in elementary pp and pd reactions is studied within the microscopic HSD transport approach which includes the off-shell dynamics of vector mesons explicitly. The study addresses additionally the production of $π^0$ and $η$ mesons since their Dalitz decays provide a sizeable contribution to the dilepton invariant mass spectra up to about 0.5 GeV. Our transport results agree with the TAPS experimental data on $π$ and $η$ multiplicities in C+C collisions from 0.8 to 2 A GeV. We find that the 'DLS-puzzle' - which addresses an underestimation of the $e^+e^-$ yield in the mass range from 0.2 to 0.5 GeV in C+C and Ca+Ca collisions - may be solved when incorporating a stronger bremsstrahlung contribution in line with recent OBE calculations. Moreover, the HSD results with 'enhanced' bremsstrahlung cross sections agree very well with the HADES experimental data for the dilepton mass spectra for C+C at 1 and 2 A GeV, especially when including a collisional broadening in the vector-meson spectral functions. Detailed predictions for dilepton spectra from pp and pn/pd reactions at 1.25 GeV, 2.2 GeV and 3.5 GeV are presented which will allow to verify/falsify the larger bremsstrahlung contributions from the experimental side in the near future.
Probing the QCD Phase Structure with Dileptons from SIS to LHC Energies
Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS)(法兰克福高等研究所);Helmholtz Research Academy Hessen for FAIR (HFHF)(黑森亥姆霍兹FAIR研究院);GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Physics(重离子物理亥姆霍兹中心);Institute for Theoretical Physics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University(约翰·沃尔夫冈·歌德大学理论物理研究所);GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH(重离子研究亥姆霍兹中心有限公司);State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University(华南师范大学量子物质研究所核物理与技术国家重点实验室)
It is demonstrated that the presence of a phase transition in heavy ion collisions, at beam energies that probe dense QCD matter, leads to a significant enhancement of the dilepton yield per produced pion due to the extended emission time. In addition, the temperature of low mass dileptons shows a modest decrease due to the mixed phase. The emission of dileptons in the SIS18-SIS100 beam energies range is studied by augmenting the UrQMD transport model with a realistic density dependent equation of state, as well as two different phase transitions. This is achieved by extending the molecular dy…
Production of strange hadrons in elementary and heavy-ion reactions is studied with the hadronic transport approach SMASH (Simulating Many Accelerated Strongly-interacting Hadrons). The poorly known branching ratios of the relevant hadronic resonances are constrained from the known elementary hadronic cross sections and from invariant mass spectra of dileptons. The constrained model is employed as a baseline to compare to heavy-ion-collision experiments at low energies ($E_\text{kin} = 1-2A\,\text{GeV}$) and to predict some of the upcoming pion-beam results by HADES, which are expected to be s…
We use the microscopic GiBUU transport model to calculate dilepton ($e^+e^-$) production in heavy-ion collisions at SIS18 energies focusing on the effect of collisional broadening of the $ρ$-meson. The collisional width of the $ρ$-meson at finite temperature and baryon density in nuclear matter is calculated on the basis of the collision integral of the GiBUU model. A systematic comparison with HADES data on dilepton production in heavy-ion collisions is performed. The collisional broadening of the $ρ$ improves the agreement between theory and experiment for the dilepton invariant-mass distrib…
Dilepton production by dynamical quasiparticles in the strongly interacting quark gluon plasma
讨论了强相互作用夸克胶子等离子体(sQGP)组分产生双轻子的问题。为了在较低的等离子体温度(O(T_c))、较低的双轻子质量(O(1GeV))和较强的耦合(α S =0.5-1)下进行定量预测,我们不仅考虑了高阶pQCD反应机制,而且考虑了夸克、反夸克和胶子的非微扰谱函数(离壳)和自能,从而超出了主导扭转。为此,我们的计算利用了匹配的动力学准粒子模型(DQPM)提供的夸克和胶子非微扰传播子的参数化来重现晶格数据。DQPM用单粒子格林函数描述QCD性质(在两粒子不可约方法的意义上),并导致sQGP的成分是有效准粒子的概念,这些准粒子是大质量的,具有宽谱函数(由于大的相互作用速率)。本文导出了反应q+qbar->l^+l^-中双轻子产生的离壳层截面。(Drell-Yan机理),q+qbar->g+l^+l^-(夸克湮灭与末态的胶子韧致辐射),q(qbar)+g->q(qbar)+l^+l^-通过用夸克和胶子的DQPM传播子修饰微扰图中的夸克和胶子线,得到了sQGP中g->q+qbar+l ^+l^-和q(qbar)->q(qbar)+g+l^+l^-(虚胶子衰变,虚夸克衰变)的关系.
The vector $U$-bosons, or so called 'dark photons', are one of the possible candidates for the dark matter mediators. They are supposed to interact with the standard matter via a 'vector portal' due to the $U(1)-U(1)^\prime$ symmetry group mixing which might make them visible in particle and heavy-ion experiments. While there is no confirmed observation of dark photons, the detailed analysis of different experimental data allows to estimate the upper limit for the kinetic mixing parameter $ε^2$ depending on the mass $M_U$ of $U$-bosons which is also unknown. In this study we present theoretica…
We study the lepton pair production in the photodisintegration of the deuteron process. The complete seven-fold differential cross section is calculated via the Bethe-Heitler mechanism with final state interactions taken into account. The deuteron bound state is described by a relativistic covariant deuteron-nucleon vertex. With numerical results, we find that the differential cross section has strong dependence on the lepton azimuthal angle in the small polar angle region and sharp peaks appear in the dependence on the invariant mass of the produced lepton pair or the two nucleons in the fina…
Studying the in-medium $ϕ$ meson spectrum through kaons in proton-nucleus reactions
Yonsei University(延世大学);KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization(高能加速器研究机构);Japan Atomic Energy Agency(日本原子能机构);Wigner Research Centre for Physics(维格纳物理研究中心)