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arXiv 0710.2769hep-thcond-mat.mes-hall
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量子力学中真空角的重整化、Berry相和连续测量

Renormalization of the vacuum angle in quantum mechanics, Berry phase and continuous measurements

S. M. Apenko

摘要:

研究了量子粒子绕环运动的玩具模型的真空角$θ$重整化,该模型被磁通量$θ$穿过。不同的重整化群(RG)程序导致相同的通用RG流程图,类似于量子霍尔效应。我们认为,真空角的重整化值可以观察到,如果粒子的位置是有限的精度测量或耦合到额外的慢变量,它可以被看作是第二个(重)粒子在环上的坐标。在这种情况下,重整化的$θ$表现为这个重粒子看到的磁通量,或者说是与它的缓慢旋转相关联的贝里相。

英文摘要:

The vacuum angle $θ$ renormalization is studied for a toy model of a quantum particle moving around a ring, threaded by a magnetic flux $θ$. Different renormalization group (RG) procedures lead to the same generic RG flow diagram, similar to that of the quantum Hall effect. We argue that the renormalized value of the vacuum angle may be observed if the particle's position is measured with finite accuracy or coupled to additional slow variable, which can be viewed as a coordinate of a second (heavy) particle on the ring. In this case the renormalized $θ$ appears as a magnetic flux this heavy particle sees, or the Berry phase, associated with its slow rotation.

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