Classification problems of toric manifolds via topology
Mikiya Masuda, Dong Youp Suh
本文从拓扑学的角度提出了环面流形分类中的一些问题，并综述了有关结果。
We propose some problems on the classification of toric manifolds from the viewpoint of topology and survey related results.
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Algebraic Topology of Calabi-Yau Threefolds in Toric Varieties
我们计算了Gorenstein环面Fano簇中Calabi-Yau三重超曲面和完全交的上同调的积分同调（包括挠）、拓扑K理论和Hodge结构.这些方法是纯拓扑的。
The KO-theory of Toric Manifolds
我们使用亚当斯谱序列来计算所有环面流形和某些奇异环面簇的KO-理论。
We survey some results on toric topology.
K-theory of quasi-toric manifolds
本文用生成元和关系描述了拟复曲面流形的$K$ -环。我们应用我们的结果来描述的$K$ -环的Bott-Samelson品种。
Let $P_m(J)$ denote a simplicial complex obtainable from consecutive wedge operations from an $m$-gon. In this paper, we completely classify toric manifolds over $P_m(J)$ and prove that all of them are projective. As a consequence, we provide an infinite family of projective toric manifolds.
We introduce the notion of a topological toric manifold and a topological fan and show that there is a bijection between omnioriented topological toric manifolds and complete non-singular topological fans. A topological toric manifold is a topological analogue of a toric manifold and the family of topological toric manifolds is much larger than that of toric manifolds. A topological fan is a combinatorial object generalizing the notion of a simplicial fan in toric geometry. Prior to this paper, two topological analogues of a toric manifold have been introduced. One is a quasitoric manifold and…
Equivariant bordism rigidity for toric manifolds
本文提出等变配边方法，证明环面流形同构等价于弱等变酉配边，并给出全定向拟环面流形的刚性结果，以拓扑框架检测几何与组合刚性。
We construct toric manifolds of complex dimension $\geq 4$, whose orbit spaces by the action of the compact torus are not homeomorphic to simple polytopes (as manifolds with corners). These provide the first known examples of toric manifolds which are not quasitoric manifolds.
We say that a complete nonsingular toric variety (called a toric manifold in this paper) is over $P$ if its quotient by the compact torus is homeomorphic to $P$ as a manifold with corners. Bott manifolds (or Bott towers) are toric manifolds over an $n$-cube $I^n$ and blowing them up at a fixed point produces toric manifolds over $\mathrm{vc}(I^n)$ an $n$-cube with one vertex cut. They are all projective. On the other hand, Oda's $3$-fold, the simplest non-projective toric manifold, is over $\mathrm{vc}(I^n)$. In this paper, we classify toric manifolds over $\mathrm{vc}(I^n)$ $(n\ge 3)$ as vari…
Toric orbifolds are a generalization of simplicial projective toric varieties. In this paper, we show that there is a resolution of singularities of a toric orbifold. In a different category, the class of quasi-contact toric manifolds contains the class of good contact toric manifolds. We prove that a quasi-contact toric manifold is equivariantly a boundary. Moreover, we conclude that good contact toric manifolds and generalized lens spaces are equivariantly boundaries.
We show that any topological toric manifold can be covered by finitely many open charts so that all the transition functions between these charts are Laurent monomials of $z_j$'s and $\bar{z}_j$'s. In addition, we will describe toric manifolds and some special class of topological toric manifolds in terms of transition functions of charts up to (weakly) equivariant diffeomorphism.
We determine the integral homology of the orbit space of a maximal compact torus action on the Grassmannian Gr(2,5). Our approach uses the well-known Geometric Invariant Theory of the maximal algebraic torus action on this Grassmannian.
This is the second chapter in our "Toric Topology" book project. Further chapters are coming. Comments and suggestions are very welcome.
We study the action of the dihedral group on the (equivariant) cohomology of the toric manifolds associated with cycle graphs.
In this paper we survey results and recent progresses on the equivariant bordism classification of 2-torus manifolds and unitary toric manifolds.
This is the first chapter in our "Toric Topology" book project. Further chapters are coming. Comments and suggestions are very welcome.
This is the third chapter in our "Toric Topology" book project. Further chapters are coming. Comments and suggestions are very welcome.
Several rigidity problems in toric topology are addressed in \cite{ma-su08}. In this paper, we survey results on those problems including recent development.
The cohomological rigidity problem for toric manifolds asks whether toric manifolds are diffeomorphic (or homeomorphic) if their integral cohomology rings are isomorphic. Many affirmative partial solutions to the problem have been obtained and no counterexample is known. In this paper, we study the diffeomorphism classification of toric Fano $d$-folds with $d=3,4$ or with Picard number $\ge 2d-2$. In particular, we show that those manifolds except for two toric Fano $4$-folds are diffeomorphic if their integral cohomology rings are isomorphic. The exceptional two toric Fano $4$-folds (their ID…
We characterise integral Poincaré duality moment-angle complexes $\mathcal{Z}_{\mathcal{K}}$ in combinatorial terms of the Fan-Wang duality of the simplicial complex $\mathcal{K}$, and consequently in algebraic terms of the Gorenstein duality of the Stanley-Reisner ring $\mathbb{Z}[\mathcal{K}]$. We extend Poincaré duality results to certain polyhedral products using polyhedral join products of simplicial complexes.
Toric manifolds over 3-polytopes
本文研究了三维简单多面体上拟紧致流形的存在性，并指出某些多面体不对应于光滑射影紧致变种，揭示了富勒烯与紧致流形的关系。
In this paper, we study the uniqueness of the direct decomposition of a toric manifold. We first observe that the direct decomposition of a toric manifold as \emph{algebraic varieties} is unique up to order of the factors. An algebraically indecomposable toric manifold happens to decompose as smooth manifold and no criterion is known for two toric manifolds to be diffeomorphic, so the unique decomposition problem for toric manifolds as \emph{smooth manifolds} is highly nontrivial and nothing seems known for the problem so far. We prove that this problem is affirmative if the complex dimension …
A fundamental result of toric geometry is that there is a bijection between toric varieties and fans. More generally, it is known that some class of manifolds having well-behaved torus actions, called topological toric manifolds $M^{2n}$, can be classified in terms of combinatorial data containing simplicial complexes with $m$ vertices. We remark that topological toric manifolds are a generalization of smooth toric varieties. The number $m-n$ is known as the Picard number when $M^{2n}$ is a {compact smooth} toric variety. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between the topological t…
Strong formality of toric and homogeneous compact Kähler manifolds
本文研究紧 Kähler 流形的强形式性，证明完备光滑复环面簇与齐性紧 Kähler 流形能以相容方式同时满足理性形式性和强形式性。
The lectures are devoted to a remarkable class of $3$-dimensional polytopes, which are mathematical models of the important object of quantum physics, quantum chemistry and nanotechnology -- fullerenes. The main goal is to show how results of toric topology help to build combinatorial invariants of fullerenes. Main notions are introduced during the lectures. The lecture notes are addressed to a wide audience.
In this paper we consider the real topological K-groups of a toric manifold M, which turns out to be closely related to the topology of the small cover MR, the fixed points under the canonical conjugation on M . Following the work of Bahri and Bendersky [2], we give an explicit formula for the KO-groups of toric manifolds, and then we characterize the two extreme classes of toric manifolds according to the two A(1) modules shown in [2].
Let $X$ be a toric $\mbox{hyperKähler}$ manifold. The purpose of this note is to describe the topological $K$-ring $K^*(X)$ of $X$. We give a presentation for the topological $K$-ring in terms of generators and relations similar to the known description of the cohomology ring of these manifolds.
A Counterexample to Cohomological Rigidity of Toric Manifolds
构造两个复维数四的环面流形，它们非同伦等价但整系数上同调环同构，从而给出上同调刚性的反例。
The fundamental Davis-Januszkiewicz construction of toric manifolds is reinterpreted in order to allow for generalization. Applications involve the simplicial wedge $J$-construction and Ayzenberg's recent identities arising from composed simplicial complexes.
On the integral cohomology of real toric manifolds
本文研究实 toric 流形的整数上同调，通过组合数据推导出上同调群公式，并提出环结构的组合公式，进一步给出判断 spin^c 流形的准则。
On the topology of real Lagrangians in toric symplectic manifolds
本文研究环面辛流形中由矩多面体对合对称性产生的实拉格朗日子流形，建立Delzant构造的实类比，证明其微分同胚类型由组合数据决定，并实现环面辛del Pezzo曲面上所有可能的连通实拉格朗日微分同胚类型。
This paper contains an explicit computation of the KO*-ring structure of an m-fold product of CP^{\infty}, the Davis-Januszkiewicz spaces and toric manifolds which have trivial Sq^2-homology.
To a direct sum of holomorphic line bundles, we can associate two fibrations, whose fibers are, respectively, the corresponding full flag manifold and the corresponding projective space. Iterating these procedures gives, respectively, a flag Bott tower and a generalized Bott tower. It is known that a generalized Bott tower is a toric manifold. However a flag Bott tower is not toric in general but we show that it is a GKM manifold, and we also show that for a given generalized Bott tower we can find the associated flag Bott tower so that the closure of a generic torus orbit in the latter is a b…
In this paper, we introduce new combinatorial invariants of any finite simple graph, which arise in toric topology. We compute the $i$-th (rational) Betti number and Euler characteristic of the real toric variety associated to a graph associahedron $P_{\B(G)}$. They can be calculated by a purely combinatorial method (in terms of graphs) and are named $a_i(G)$ and $b(G)$, respectively. To our surprise, for specific families of the graph $G$, our invariants are deeply related to well-known combinatorial sequences such as the Catalan numbers and Euler zigzag numbers.
Toric topology emerged in the end of the 1990s on the borders of equivariant topology, algebraic and symplectic geometry, combinatorics and commutative algebra. It has quickly grown up into a very active area with many interdisciplinary links and applications, and continues to attract experts from different fields. The key players in toric topology are moment-angle manifolds, a family of manifolds with torus actions defined in combinatorial terms. Their construction links to combinatorial geometry and algebraic geometry of toric varieties via the related notion of a quasitoric manifold. Discov…
A folded symplectic form on a manifold is a closed 2-form with the mildest possible degeneracy along a hypersurface. A special class of folded symplectic manifolds are the origami symplectic manifolds, studied by Cannas da Silva, Guillemin and Pires, who classified toric origami manifolds by combinatorial origami templates. In this paper, we examine the topology of toric origami manifolds that have acyclic origami template and co-orientable folding hypersurface. We prove that the cohomology is concentrated in even degrees, and that the equivariant cohomology satisfies the GKM description. Fina…
The equivariant bordism classification of manifolds with group actions is an essential subject in the study of transformation groups. We are interesting in the action of 2-torus group $\mathbb{Z}_2^n$ and torus group $T^n$, and study the equivariant bordism of 2-torus manifolds and unitary toric manifolds. In this paper, we give a new description of the group $\mathcal{Z}_n(\mathbb{Z}_2^n)$ of 2-torus manifolds, and determine the dimention of $\mathcal{Z}_n(\mathbb{Z}_2^n)$ as a $\mathbb{Z}_2$-vector space. With the help of toric topology, Lü and Tan proved that the bordism groups $\mathcal{Z}…
In this article, we investigate the orbit configuration spaces of some equivariant closed manifolds over simple convex polytopes in toric topology, such as small covers, quasi-toric manifolds and (real) moment-angle manifolds; especially for the cases of small covers and quasi-toric manifolds. These kinds of orbit configuration spaces are all non-free and noncompact, but still built via simple convex polytopes. We obtain an explicit formula of Euler characteristic for orbit configuration spaces of small covers and quasi-toric manifolds in terms of the $h$-vector of a simple convex polytope. As…
The notion of a toric origami manifold, which weakens the notion of a symplectic toric manifold, was introduced by Cannas da Silva-Guillemin-Pires \cite{ca-gu-pi11} and they show that toric origami manifolds bijectively correspond to origami templates via moment maps, where an origami template is a collection of Delzant polytopes with some folding data. Like a fan is associated to a Delzant polytope, a multi-fan introduced in \cite{ha-ma03} and \cite{masu99} can be associated to an oriented origami template. In this paper, we discuss their relationship and show that any simply connected compac…
The topology of local quaternionic toric actions
本文研究了配备局部四元数典范作用的流形拓扑，基于四元数环面的正则表示，通过构造Leray-Serre和Atiyah-Hirzebruch谱序列，揭示了流形的上同调和K-理论结构，并在四维情况下发展了四元数版本的Meyer签名公式。
Equivariant cohomology distinguishes toric manifolds
具有群作用的空间的等变上同调不仅是作用群的分类空间的上同调环上的环，而且是其上的代数。证明了环面流形（即紧致光滑环面簇）同构为簇的充要条件是它们的等变上同调代数是弱同构的。我们还证明了拟流形，这可以被认为是一个拓扑对应环面流形，等变同胚当且仅当其等变上同调代数是同构的。
A toric origami manifold is a generalization of a symplectic toric manifold (or a toric symplectic manifold). The origami symplectic form is allowed to degenerate in a good controllable way in contrast to the usual symplectic form. It is widely known that symplectic toric manifolds are encoded by Delzant polytopes, and the cohomology and equivariant cohomology rings of a symplectic toric manifold can be described in terms of the corresponding polytope. Recently, Holm and Pires described the cohomology of a toric origami manifold $M$ in terms of the orbit space $M/T$ when $M$ is orientable and …
We study intersection numbers of invariant divisors in the toric manifold associated with the fan determined by the collection of Weyl chambers for each root system of classical type and of exceptional type $G_2$. We give a combinatorial formula for intersection numbers of certain subvarieties which are naturally indexed by elements of the Weyl group. These numbers describe the ring structure of the cohomology of the toric manifold.
We produce infinite families of SKT manifolds by using methods of toric geometry like the $J$-construction. These SKT manifolds are total spaces of certain principal $G$-bundles over smooth projective toric varieties, where $G$ is an even dimensional compact connected Lie group.
Toric origami manifolds are characterized by origami templates, which are combinatorial models built by gluing polytopes together along facets. In this paper, we examine the topology of orientable toric oigami manifolds with coorientable folding hypersurface. We determine the fundamental group. In our previous paper [HP], we studied the ordinary and equivariant cohomology rings of simply connected toric origami manifolds. We conclude this paper by computing some Betti numbers in the non-simply connected case.
A good contact toric manifold $M$ is determined by its moment cone $C$. We compute the equivariant cohomology ring with $\Z$ coefficient of $M$ in terms of the combinatorial data of $C$. Then under a smoothness criterion on the cone $C$, we compute the singular cohomology ring with $\Z$ coefficient of $M$ in terms of the combinatorial data of $C$.
For a graph $G$, a graph cubeahedron $\square_G$ and a graph associahedron $\triangle_G$ are simple convex polytopes which admit (real) toric manifolds. In this paper, we introduce a graph invariant, called the $b$-number, and we show that the $b$-numbers compute the Betti numbers of the real toric manifold $X^\mathbb{R}(\square_G)$ corresponding to a graph cubeahedron. The $b$-number is a counterpart of the notion of $a$-number, introduced by S. Choi and the second named author, which computes the Betti numbers of the real toric manifold $X^\mathbb{R}(\triangle_G)$ corresponding to a graph as…
Characteristic numbers of canonical toric manifolds and their applications
本文计算了典范胞腔流形的陈数、米尔诺数和庞特里亚金数，及其实数对应物的斯蒂夫尔-惠特尼数，探讨了其在单位ary、定向和非定向 bordism 类的组合刻画、单位ary bordism 环生成元的几何代表、典范胞腔流形的边界判定准则以及其浸入欧几里得空间的维数估计。
We construct quasitoric manifolds of dimension 6 and higher which are not equivariantly homeomorphic to any toric origami manifold. All necessary topological definitions and combinatorial constructions are given and the statement is reformulated in discrete geometrical terms. The problem reduces to existence of planar triangulations with certain coloring and metric properties.
Some examples in toric geometry
我们给出了复曲面几何中关于复曲面流形和准复曲面流形之间关系的两个例子，并提供了基本多胞形和特征映射上的充分条件，使得所得的准复曲面流形几乎是复杂的。
On a class of toric manifolds arising from simplicial complexes
本文研究了一类来自简单复形的托里曼结构，提供了拓扑证明的Dehn-Sommerville关系，并分类了具有特定范畴的moment-angle manifold。
Given the toric (or toral) arrangement defined by a root system $Φ$, we describe the poset of its layers (connected components of intersections) and we count its elements. Indeed we show how to reduce to zero-dimensional layers, and in this case we provide an explicit formula involving the maximal subdiagrams of the affine Dynkin diagram of $Φ$. Then we compute the Euler characteristic and the Poincare' polynomial of the complement of the arrangement, which is the set of regular points of the torus.
In this paper, we study the well-know $g$-conjecture for rational homology spheres in a topological way. To do this, we construct a class of topological spaces with torus actions, which can be viewed as topological generalizations of toric varieties. Along this way we prove that after doing stellar subdivision operations at some middle dimensional faces of an arbitrary rational homology sphere, the $g$-conjecture is valid. Furthermore, we give topological proofs of several fundamental algebraic results about Buchsbaum complexes and simplicial manifolds. In this process, we also get a few inter…
In this paper we study general torus actions on manifolds with isolated fixed points from combinatorial point of view. The main object of study is the poset of face submanifolds of such actions. We introduce the notion of a locally geometric poset -- the graded poset locally modelled by geometric lattices, and prove that for any torus action, the poset of its faces is locally geometric. Next we discuss the relations between posets of faces and GKM-theory. In particular, we define the face poset of an abstract GKM-graph and show how to reconstruct the face poset of a manifold from its GKM-graph…
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