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arXiv 0706.0730cond-mat.dis-nn
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玻璃中的振动不稳定性、二能级系统和玻色子峰

Vibrational instability, two-level systems and Boson peak in glasses

D. A. Parshin, V. L. Gurevich, H. R. Schober

摘要:

我们发现,相同的物理机制对于两种看似不同的现象是基本的,例如玻璃中两能级系统的形成和低频振动态g(w)/w^2约化密度中的玻色子峰。这种机制是弱相互作用简谐模的振动不稳定性。在低于某个频率w_c << w_0(w_0是德拜频率的量级)时,由非谐性控制的不稳定性产生了一个新的稳定的普适谐振谱,它具有玻色子峰特征和宽势垒高度分布的双阱势。两者都由振子间相互作用的强度I ~ w_c决定。我们的理论以一种自然的方式预言了玻璃中二能级系统的重要无量纲参数C ~ 10^{-4}的一个小值。结果表明,C ~ I^{-3}和C ~ I随相互作用强度I的增大而减小.我们表明,活跃的二能级系统的数量是非常小的,不到一个每千万个振荡器,在一个很好的协议与实验。在本文提出的统一方法中,玻色子峰值频率处的隧穿态密度和振动态密度是相互关联的。

英文摘要:

We show that the same physical mechanism is fundamental for two seemingly different phenomena such as the formation of two-level systems in glasses and the Boson peak in the reduced density of low-frequency vibrational states g(w)/w^2. This mechanism is the vibrational instability of weakly interacting harmonic modes. Below some frequency w_c << w_0 (where w_0 is of the order of Debye frequency) the instability, controlled by the anharmonicity, creates a new stable universal spectrum of harmonic vibrations with a Boson peak feature as well as double-well potentials with a wide distribution of barrier heights. Both are determined by the strength of the interaction I ~ w_c between the oscillators. Our theory predicts in a natural way a small value for the important dimensionless parameter C ~ 10^{-4} for two-level systems in glasses. We show that C ~ I^{-3} and decreases with increasing of the interaction strength I. We show that the number of active two-level systems is very small, less than one per ten million of oscillators, in a good agreement with experiment. Within the unified approach developed in the present paper the density of the tunneling states and the density of vibrational states at the Boson peak frequency are interrelated.

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