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arXiv 0706.0107cond-mat.mes-hall
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具有局域Rashba相互作用的自旋分裂量子线的强调制传输

Strongly modulated transmission of a spin-split quantum wire with local Rashba interaction

David Sanchez, Llorens Serra, Mahn-Soo Choi

摘要:

我们研究了存在塞曼自旋分裂和空间非均匀Rashba相互作用的弹道量子线的输运性质。塞曼相互作用沿着导线延伸,并在能谱中产生间隙,该间隙仅允许电子沿着一定方向的旋量传播。对于相反方向的自旋,波在远离Rashba区域的地方是倏逝的,Rashba区域起着散射中心的作用。当磁场垂直于Rashba场时,发生了最有趣的情况。然后,渐近波函数的自旋不是Rashba哈密顿量的本征函数,并且当费米能量沿着带隙扫过时,Rashba区域中自旋之间的耦合引起透射概率的突然变化。在简要地研究了扩展Rashba耦合线的能谱和本征函数后,我们分析了通过局域Rashba相互作用区域的传输,在该区域中,双界面将恒定Rashba相互作用区域与无自旋轨道耦合的导线分开。对于能量略高于传播阈值,我们发现无处不在的传输零点(反共振),这是通过匹配的方法在一维极限分析。我们发现,一个最小的紧束缚模型产生的Fano反共振型的解析传输线形状。更一般的角度依赖性的外部磁场内处理投影薛定谔方程与哈密顿矩阵元素混合波函数分量。最后,我们考虑了一个现实的量子线,其中能量子带通过Rashba子带间耦合项耦合,并讨论了它对传输零点的影响。

英文摘要:

We investigate the transport properties of ballistic quantum wires in the presence of Zeeman spin splittings and a spatially inhomogeneous Rashba interaction. The Zeeman interaction is extended along the wire and produces gaps in the energy spectrum which allow electron propagation only for spinors lying along a certain direction. For spins in the opposite direction the waves are evanescent far away from the Rashba region, which plays the role of the scattering center. The most interesting case occurs when the magnetic field is perpendicular to the Rashba field. Then, the spins of the asymptotic wavefunctions are not eigenfunctions of the Rashba Hamiltonian and the resulting coupling between spins in the Rashba region gives rise to sudden changes of the transmission probability when the Fermi energy is swept along the gap. After briefly examining the energy spectrum and eigenfunctions of a wire with extended Rashba coupling, we analyze the transmission through a region of localized Rashba interaction, in which a double interface separates a region of constant Rashba interaction from wire leads free from spin-orbit coupling. For energies slightly above the propagation threshold, we find the ubiquitous occurrence of transmission zeros (antiresonances) which are analyzed by matching methods in the one-dimensional limit. We find that a a minimal tight-binding model yields analytical transmission lineshapes of Fano antiresonance type. More general angular dependences of the external magnetic field is treated within projected Schroedinger equations with Hamiltonian matrix elements mixing wavefunction components. Finally, we consider a realistic quantum wire where the energy subbands are coupled via the Rashba intersubband coupling term and discuss its effect on the transmission zeros.

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