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arXiv 0705.3748cs.DMcs.CC
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平面图的混淆复杂度

On the Obfuscation Complexity of Planar Graphs

Oleg Verbitsky

摘要:

受John Tantalo的平面性博弈的启发,我们考虑了具有边交叉的平面图$G$的直线平面图,并想知道如何混淆这样的图纸可以。我们将$obf(G)$($G$的混淆复杂度)定义为$G$图形中的最大边交叉数。有关$obf(G)$的$G$中的顶点度的分布,我们显示了一个有效的方法来构建一个至少有$obf(G)/3$边缘交叉点的$G$绘图。证明了具有最小顶点度$δ(G)\ge 2$的$n$ -顶点平面图$G$的界$(δ(G)^2/24-o(1))n^2 < \obf G <3 n^2$. $G$的移位复杂度,用$shift(G)$表示,是足以消除$G$的任意模糊绘图中的所有边交叉的顶点移位的最小数目(在移位顶点之后,所有入射边被认为相应地重绘)。如果$δ(G)\ge 3$,则由于$G$的匹配数是线性的这一已知事实,所以$shift(G)$在顶点数方面是线性的。然而,在$δ(G)\ge2$的情况下,我们注意到,即使匹配数有界,$shift(G)$也可以是线性的。至于计算复杂性,我们表明,给定一个平面图的图纸$D$,这是NP-难找到一个最佳的序列的移位,使$D$交叉自由。

英文摘要:

Being motivated by John Tantalo's Planarity Game, we consider straight line plane drawings of a planar graph $G$ with edge crossings and wonder how obfuscated such drawings can be. We define $obf(G)$, the obfuscation complexity of $G$, to be the maximum number of edge crossings in a drawing of $G$. Relating $obf(G)$ to the distribution of vertex degrees in $G$, we show an efficient way of constructing a drawing of $G$ with at least $obf(G)/3$ edge crossings. We prove bounds $(δ(G)^2/24-o(1))n^2 < \obf G <3 n^2$ for an $n$-vertex planar graph $G$ with minimum vertex degree $δ(G)\ge 2$. The shift complexity of $G$, denoted by $shift(G)$, is the minimum number of vertex shifts sufficient to eliminate all edge crossings in an arbitrarily obfuscated drawing of $G$ (after shifting a vertex, all incident edges are supposed to be redrawn correspondingly). If $δ(G)\ge 3$, then $shift(G)$ is linear in the number of vertices due to the known fact that the matching number of $G$ is linear. However, in the case $δ(G)\ge2$ we notice that $shift(G)$ can be linear even if the matching number is bounded. As for computational complexity, we show that, given a drawing $D$ of a planar graph, it is NP-hard to find an optimum sequence of shifts making $D$ crossing-free.

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