Piotr Pragacz
We give the Thom polynomials for the singularities $I_{2,2}$ associated with maps $({\bf C}^{\bullet},0) \to ({\bf C}^{\bullet+k},0)$ with parameter $k\ge 0$. Our computations combine the characterization of Thom polynomials via the ``method of restriction equations'' of Rimanyi et al. with the techniques of Schur functions.
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We give the Thom polynomials for the singularities I_2,2 and A_3 associated with maps (C^n,0) -> (C^{n+k},0) with parameter k>=0. We give the Schur function expansions of these Thom polynomials. Moreover, for the singularities A_i (with any parameter k >= 0) we analyze the ``first approximation'' F^(i) to the Thom polynomial. Our computations combine the characterization of Thom polynomials via the ``method of restriction equations'' of Rimanyi et al. with the techniques of (super) Schur functions.
Combining the "method of restriction equations" of Rimányi et al. with the techniques of symmetric functions, we establish the Schur function expansions of the Thom polynomials for the Morin singularities $A_3: ({\bf C}^{\bullet},0)\to ({\bf C}^{\bullet + k},0)$ for any nonnegative integer $k$.
We develop algebro-combinatorial tools for computing the Thom polynomials for the Morin singularities $A_i(-)$ ($i\ge 0$). The main tool is the function $F^{(i)}_r$ defined as a combination of Schur functions with certain numerical specializations of Schur polynomials as their coefficients. We show that the Thom polynomial ${\cal T}^{A_i}$ for the singularity $A_i$ (any $i$) associated with maps $({\bf C}^{\bullet},0) \to ({\bf C}^{\bullet+k},0)$, with any parameter $k\ge 0$, under the assumption that $Σ^j=\emptyset$ for all $j\ge 2$, is given by $F^{(i)}_{k+1}$. Equivalently, this says that "…
Combining the Kazarian approach to Thom polynomials via classifying spaces of singularities with the Fulton-Lazarsfeld theory of numerical positivity for ample vector bundles, we show that the coefficients of various Schur function expansions of the Thom polynomials of stable and unstable singularities are nonnegative.
We generalize the notion of Thom polynomials from singularities of maps between two complex manifolds to invariant cones in representations, and collections of vector bundles. We prove that the generalized Thom polynomials, expanded in the products of Schur functions of the bundles, have nonnegative coefficients. For classical Thom polynomials associated with maps of complex manifolds, this gives an extension of our former result for stable singularities to nonnecessary stable ones. We also discuss some related aspects of Thom polynomials, which makes the article expository to some extent.
We discuss computations of the Thom polynomials of singularity classes of maps in the basis of Schur functions. We survey the known results about the bound on the length and a rectangle containment for partitions appearing in such Schur function expansions. We describe several recursions for the coefficients. For some singularities, we give old and new computations of their Thom polynomials.
Thom (residual) polynomials in characteristic classes are used in the analysis of geometry of functional spaces. They serve as a tool in description of classes Poincaré dual to subvarieties of functions of prescribed types. We give explicit universal expressions for residual polynomials in spaces of functions on complex curves having isolated singularities and multisingularities, in terms of few characteristic classes. These expressions lead to a partial explicit description of a stratification of Hurwitz spaces.
The Green-Griffiths-Lang conjecture says that for every complex projective algebraic variety $X$ of general type there exists a proper algebraic subvariety of $X$ containing all nonconstant entire holomorphic curves $f:\mathbb{C} \to X$. We construct a compactification of the invariant jet differentials bundle over complex manifolds motivated by an algebraic model of Morin singularities and we develop an iterated residue formula using equivariant localisation for tautological integrals over it. We show that the polynomial GGL conjecture for a generic projective hypersurface of degree $\mathrm{…
Thom polynomials for singularities of maps
本文介绍了汤姆多项式理论，用于映射奇点的分类与交理论研究，具有广泛的应用前景。
We investigate the equisingularity question for $1$-parameter deformation families of mixed polynomial functions $f_t(\mathbf{z},\bar{\mathbf{z}})$ from the Newton polygon point of view. We show that if the members $f_t$ of the family satisfy a number of elementary conditions, which can be easily described in terms of the Newton polygon, then the corresponding family of mixed hypersurfaces $f_t^{-1}(0)$ is Whitney equisingular (and hence topologically equisingular) and satisfies the Thom condition.
In this paper we derive closed formulas for the Thom polynomials of two families of second order Thom-Boardman singularities Σ^{i,j}. The formulas are given as linear combinations of Schur polynomials, and all coefficients are nonnegative.
Thom polynomials measure how global topology forces singularities. The power of Thom polynomials predestine them to be a useful tool not only in differential topology, but also in algebraic geometry (enumerative geometry, moduli spaces) and algebraic combinatorics. The main obstacle of their widespread application is that only a few, sporadic Thom polynomials have been known explicitly. In this paper we develop a general method for calculating Thom polynomials of contact singularities. Along the way, relations with the equivariant geometry of (punctual, local) Hilbert schemes, and with iterate…
Thom polynomials of singularities express the cohomology classes dual to singularity submanifolds. A stabilization property of Thom polynomials is known classically, namely that trivial unfolding does not change the Thom polynomial. In this paper we show that this is a special case of a product rule. The product rule enables us to calculate the Thom polynomials of singularities if we know the Thom polynomial of the product singularity. As a special case of the product rule we define a formal power series (Thom series, Ts_Q) associated with a commutative, complex, finite dimensional local algeb…
Thom series in negative relative codimension
本文建立接触函数奇点的Thom级数理论，证明其两项核心性质，阐明三类Thom多项式的关系并完成多类奇点的相关计算，成果将应用于计数几何问题研究。
We conjecture an evaluation of three-partition cyclic Hodge integrals in terms of loop Schur functions. Our formula implies the orbifold Gromov-Witten/Donaldson-Thomas correspondence for toric Calabi-Yau threefolds with transverse type A singularities. We prove the formula in the case where one of the partitions is empty, and thus establish the orbifold Gromov- Witten/Donaldson-Thomas correspondence for local toric surfaces with transverse type A singularities.
We show that Thom polynomials of Lagrangian singularities have nonnegative coefficients in the basis consisting of Q-functions. The main tool in the proof is nonnegativity of cone classes for globally generated bundles.
On the reduced Bernstein-Sato polynomial of Thom-Sebastiani singularities
本文给出了 Thom-Sebastiani 奇点约化 Bernstein-Sato 多项式关系的纯代数证明，适用于任意可定义该多项式的设定。
In this note we provide a formula for the Tjurina number of a join of isolated hypersurface singularities in separated variables. From this we are able to provide a characterization of isolated hypersurface singularities whose difference between the Milnor and Tjurina numbers is less or equal than two arising as the join of isolated hypersurface singularities in separated variables. Also, we are able to provide new upper bounds for the quotient of Milnor and Tjurina numbers of certain join of isolated hypersurface singularities. Finally, we deduce an upper bound for the quotient of Milnor and …
We give a criterion to test geometric properties such as Whitney equisingularity and Thom's $a_f$ condition for new families of (possibly non-isolated) hypersurface singularities that "behave well" with respect to their Newton diagrams. As an important corollary, we obtain that in such families all members have isomorphic Milnor fibrations.
Thom polynomial describes the cohomology class Poincaré dual to the locus of particular singularity of a generic holomorphic map. In this paper we derive a closed formula for the generating function of its coefficients. The method is based on a new construction of the embedding space of punctual Hibert scheme that we call the non-associative Hilbert scheme. The efficiency of the method is demonstrated on explicit computation of a number of Thom polynomials, including those associated with singularities of Thom-Boardman types~$Σ^{i,j}$, $Σ^{2,1,1}$, $Σ^{2,2,1}$, and~$Σ^{2,2,2}$.
We compute the $δ$-invariant of a curve singularity parameterized by generic sparse polynomials. We apply this to describe topological types of generic singularities of sparse resultants and ``algebraic knot diagrams'' (i.e. generic algebraic spatial curve projections). Our approach is based on some new results on zero loci of Schur polynomials, on transversality properties of maps defined by sparse polynomials, and on a new refinement of the notion of tropicalization of a curve (ultratropicalization), which may be of independent interest.
We study Legendrian singularities arising in complex contact geometry. We define a one-parameter family of bases in the ring of Legendrian characteristic classes such that any Legendrian Thom polynomial has nonnegative coefficients when expanded in these bases. The method uses a suitable Lagrange Grassmann bundle on the product of projective spaces. This is an extension of a nonnegativity result for Lagrangian Thom polynomials obtained by the authors previously. For a fixed pecialization, other specializations of the parameter lead to upper bounds for the coefficients of the given basis. One g…
We describe the positivity of Thom polynomials of singularities of maps, Lagrangian Thom polynomials and Legendrian Thom polynomials. We show that these positivities come from Schubert calculus.
Let $L$ be a cyclic $L_\infty$-algebra of dimension $3$ with finite dimensional cohomology only in dimension one and two. By transfer theorem there exists a cyclic $L_\infty$-algebra structure on the cohomology $H^*(L)$. The inner product plus the higher products of the cyclic $L_\infty$-algebra defines a superpotential function $f$ on $H^1(L)$. We associate with an analytic Milnor fiber for the formal function $f$ and define the Euler characteristic of $L$ is to be the Euler characteristic of the étale cohomology of the analytic Milnor fiber. In this paper we prove a Thom-Sebastiani type form…
Hilbert scheme topological invariants of plane curve singularities are identified to framed threefold stable pair invariants. As a result, the conjecture of Oblomkov and Shende on HOMFLY polynomials of links of plane curve singularities is given a Calabi-Yau threefold interpretation. The motivic Donaldson-Thomas theory developed by M. Kontsevich and the third author then yields natural motivic invariants for algebraic knots. This construction is motivated by previous work of V. Shende, C. Vafa and the first author on the large $N$ duality derivation of the above conjecture.
We combine recently developed intersection theory for non-reductive geometric invariant theoretic quotients with equivariant localisation to prove a formula for Thom polynomials of Morin singularities. These formulas use only toric combinatorics of certain partition polyhedra, and our new approach circumvents the poorly understood Borel geometry of existing models.
Interpolation characterization of higher Thom polynomials
本文借鉴 Maulik–Okounkov 稳定包络的插值公理，在次数有界框架内构建 SSM 类比，提出仅依靠奇异性对称性计算 SSM-Thom 多项式的新工具，并给出显式示例及几何应用。
In a recent paper, M. Green and P. Griffiths used R. Thomas' works on nodal hypersurfaces to establish the equivalence of the Hodge conjecture and the existence of certain singular admissible normal functions. Inspired by their work, we study normal functions using M. Saito's mixed Hodge modules and prove that the existence of singularities of the type considered by Griffiths and Green is equivalent to the Hodge conjecture. Several of the intermediate results, including a relative version of the weak Lefschetz theorem for perverse sheaves, are of independent interest.
Complements of caustics of real function singularities
本文研究低余维实函数奇点焦散面补集的拓扑，完成简单奇点补集连通分支的枚举并显式实现其同调与上同调，同时证明某些抛物奇点的二维同调群非平凡。
The Thom-Boardman symbol was first introduced by Thom in 1956 to classify singularities of differentiable maps. It was later generalized by Boardman to a more general setting. Although the Thom-Boardman symbol is realized by a sequence of non-increasing, nonnegative integers, to compute those numbers is, in general, extremely difficult. In the case of polynomial multiplication maps, Robert Varley conjectured that computing the Thom-Boardman symbol for polynomial multiplication reduces to computing the successive quotients and remainders for the Euclidean algorithm applied to the degrees of the…
Grothendieck polynomials were introduced by Lascoux and Schützenberger, and they play an important role in K-theoretic Schubert calculus. In this paper, we give a new definition of double stable Grothendieck polynomials based on an iterated residue operation. We illustrate the power of our definition by calculating the Grothendieck expansion of K-theoretic Thom polynomials of $A_2$ singularities. We present the expansion in two versions: one displays its expected stabilization, while the other displays its expected finiteness property.
We show that every convergent power series with monomial extended Jacobian ideal is right equivalent to a Thom-Sebastiani polynomial. This solves a problem posed by Hauser and Schicho. On the combinatorial side, we introduce a notion of Jacobian semigroup ideal involving a transversal matroid. For any such ideal we construct a defining Thom-Sebastiani polynomial. On the analytic side, we show that power series with a quasihomogeneous extended Jacobian ideal are strongly Euler homogeneous. Due to a Mather-Yau-type theorem, such power series are determined by their Jacobian ideal up to right equ…
The rationality of the singularities of the $A_n$-loci is the natural question that arises in the papers devoted to the study of the Thom polynomials and $K$-theoretic invariants of the said loci. In this paper we prove that, in general, the $A_2$-loci have singularities worse than rational, and therefore they can not be presented as a GIT quotient of a smooth variety with respect to a reductive group.
We introduce the restricted local volume of a relatively very ample invertible sheaf as an invariant of equisingularity by determining its change across families. We apply this result to give numerical control of Whitney-Thom (differential) equisingularity for families of isolated complex analytic singularities. The characterization of the vanishing of the local volume gives rise to the class of deficient conormal (dc) singularities. We introduce a notion of generalized smoothability by considering the class of singularities that deform to dc singularities. Using Whitney stratifications and th…
In this paper we propose a systematic study of Thom polynomials for group actions defined by M. Kazarian. On one hand we show that Thom polynomials are first obstructions for the existence of a section and are connected to several problems of topology, global geometry and enumerative algebraic geometry. On the other hand we describe a way to calculate Thom polynomials: the method of restriction equations. It turned out that though the idea is quite simple the method is very powerful. We reproduced and improved earlier result in several directions (singularities, Schubert calculus, quivers). Ho…
Higher order double point formulas via SSM-Thom polynomials
本文通过SSM-Thom多项式研究高阶双点公式，推导出双点位形的修正公式并应用于奇异位形的几何分析。
Denef-Loeser zeta functions of suspensions and Lê-Yomdin singularities
本文证明了平面曲线奇点悬垂的解析猜想及Le-Yomdin表面奇点的解析与monodromy猜想，推导了悬垂超曲面的motivic和topological zeta函数公式。
The goal of the paper is two-fold. At first, we attempt to give a survey of some recent applications of symmetric polynomials and divided differences to intersection theory. We discuss: polynomials universally supported on degeneracy loci; some explicit formulas for the Chern and Segre classes of Schur bundles with applications to enumerative geometry; flag degeneracy loci; fundamental classes, diagonals and Gysin maps; intersection rings of G/P and formulas for isotropic degeneracy loci; numerically positive polynomials for ample vector bundles. Apart of surveyed results, the paper contains a…
This is a note on my mini-course in the International Workshop on Real and Complex Singularities held at ICMC-USP (Sao Carlos, Brazil) in July 2012. Here we introduce a new branch of the Thom polynomial theory for singularities of holomorphic maps, in which we replace counting singular points by computing weighted Euler characteristics. The main purpose is to apply this theory to the study on the vanishing topology of weighted homogeneous map-germs of finite A-codimension without any corank condition.
We introduce the concept of topological finite-determinacy for germs of analytic functions within a fixed ideal $I$, which provides a notion of topological finite-determinacy of functions with non-isolated singularities. We prove the following statement which generalizes classical results of Thom and Varchenko: let $A$ be the complement in the ideal $I$ of the space of germs whose topological type remains unchanged under a deformation within the ideal that only modifies sufficiently large order terms of the Taylor expansion; then $A$ has infinite codimension in $I$ in a suitable sense. We also…
We study the Brieskorn modules associated to a germ of holomorphic function with non-isolated singularities, and show that the Brieskorn module has naturally a structure of a module over the ring of microdifferential operators of nonpositive degree, and that the kernel of the morphism to the Gauss-Manin system coincides with the torsion part for the action of $t$ and also with that for the action of the inverse of the Gauss-Manin connection. This torsion part is not finitely generated in general, and we give a sufficient condition for the finiteness. We also prove a Thom-Sebastiani type theore…
Microlocal Bernstein--Sato polynomials on singular ambient varieties
研究奇异环境簇上函数的微局部伯恩斯坦 - 佐藤多项式，扩展斋藤理论。定义最小指数研究相关奇点与霍奇滤过，得出包括与有理奇点关联等多个主要结果，还给出完全交情形下的有效算法及实现。
Thom condition and Monodromy
本文定义了Thom条件，证明在特定条件下复解析函数芽存在无不动点的几何局部单调性，推广了已有定理并应用于奇点不合并的研究。
Borel singularities and Stokes constants of the topological string free energy on one-parameter Calabi-Yau threefolds
本文研究单参数Calabi-Yau三折叠拓扑弦自由能的Borel奇点，发现无质量D-膜的中心电荷对应领先Borel奇点位置，且广义DT不变量与Stokes常数一致。
Universal polynomials for multi-singularity loci of maps
本文证明了映射多奇点类型的Thom多项式的存在性，解决了长期未决的Thom-Kazarian原理，夯实了映射奇点计数理论基础，可应用于代数几何问题，证明运用了代数几何上同调运算，还关联到代数配边与动机上同调。
We determine the two-point invariants of the equivariant quantum cohomology of the Hilbert scheme of points of surface resolutions associated to type A_n singularities. The operators encoding these invariants are expressed in terms of the action of the affine Lie algebra \hat{gl}(n+1) on its basic representation. Assuming a certain nondegeneracy conjecture, these operators determine the full structure of the quantum cohomology ring. A relationship is proven between the quantum cohomology and Gromov-Witten/Donaldson-Thomas theories of A_n x P^1. We close with a discussion of the monodromy prope…
An enumerative problem on a variety $V$ is usually solved by reduction to intersection theory in the cohomology of a compactification of $V$. However, if the problem is invariant under a "nice" group action on $V$ (so that $V$ is spherical), then many authors suggested a better home for intersection theory: the direct limit of the cohomology rings of all equivariant compactifications of $V$. We call this limit the affine cohomology of $V$ and construct affine characteristic classes of subvarieties of a complex torus, taking values in the affine cohomology of the torus. This allows us to make t…
Let $f$ be a polynomial in $n$ variables over some number field and $Z$ a subscheme of affine $n$-space. The notion of motivic oscillation index of $f$ at $Z$ was initiated by Cluckers (2008) and Cluckers-Mustaţǎ-Nguyen (2019). In this paper we elaborate on this notion and raise several questions. The first one is stability under base field extension; this question is linked to a deep understanding of the density of non-archimedean local fields over which Igusa's local zeta functions of $f$ has a pole with given real part. The second one is around Igusa's conjecture for exponential sums with b…
Given a polynomial map $ψ:S^m\to \mathbb{R}^k$ with components of degree $d$, we investigate the structure of the semialgebraic set $Z\subseteq S^m$ consisting of those points where $ψ$ and its derivatives satisfy a given list of polynomial equalities and inequalities (we call such a set a "singularity"). Concerning the upper estimate on the topological complexity of a polynomial singularity, we sharpen the classical bound $b(Z)\leq O(d^{m+1})$, proved by Milnor, with \begin{equation}\label{eq:abstract} b(Z)\leq O(d^{m}),\end{equation} which holds for the generic polynomial map. For what conce…
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