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arXiv quant-ph/9907018quant-ph
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量子测量中的信息与噪声

Information and noise in quantum measurement

Holger F. Hofmann

摘要:

尽管在现实世界中获得的测量结果通常是噪声和连续的,但量子测量理论倾向于强调完美精度和量化测量结果的理想极限。在这篇文章中,噪声测量的一个更一般的概念被应用到研究量子噪声在测量过程中的作用。特别是,它示出的量子噪声的影响,可以从测量中获得的信息的影响分离。然而,需要量子噪声来"掩盖“接近量子极限时出现的负概率。这些负概率表示被测变量与受量子噪声影响的变量之间的基本量子力学相关性。

英文摘要:

Even though measurement results obtained in the real world are generally both noisy and continuous, quantum measurement theory tends to emphasize the ideal limit of perfect precision and quantized measurement results. In this article, a more general concept of noisy measurements is applied to investigate the role of quantum noise in the measurement process. In particular, it is shown that the effects of quantum noise can be separated from the effects of information obtained in the measurement. However, quantum noise is required to ``cover up'' negative probabilities arising as the quantum limit is approached. These negative probabilities represent fundamental quantum mechanical correlations between the measured variable and the variables affected by quantum noise.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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