“无相互作用”测量的基本极限
Fundamental Limit on ``Interaction Free'' Measurements
摘要：
在“无相互作用”测量中，人们通常希望在不接触物体的情况下检测物体的存在，即使是单个光子。人们常常想象一个炸弹，它的触发器是一个非常灵敏的测量装置，我们希望在不触发它的情况下探测到它的存在，我们指出，所有这些测量装置都有一个由不确定原理设定的最大灵敏度，因此只能在有限的最小分辨率内确定测量是否“无相互作用”。我们进一步讨论了什么可以实现与建议的“无相互作用”的测量方案。
英文摘要：
In ``interaction free'' measurements, one typically wants to detect the presence of an object without touching it with even a single photon. One often imagines a bomb whose trigger is an extremely sensitive measuring device whose presence we would like to detect without triggering it. We point out that all such measuring devices have a maximum sensitivity set by the uncertainty principle, and thus can only determine whether a measurement is ``interaction free'' to within a finite minimum resolution. We further discuss exactly what can be achieved with the proposed ``interaction free'' measurement schemes.
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