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arXiv quant-ph/9903075quant-ph
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量子搜索的基本SU(2)结构及其量子退相干效应

Quantum searching's underlying SU(2) structure and its quantum decoherence effects

Sixia Yu, Chang-Pu Sun

摘要:

用Grover的量子搜索算法对标记态的搜索操作是SU(2)群中的一个元素,它作用在由标记态和非标记集体态构成的二维空间上.基于这个基本结构,我们以一种相当简洁的方式得到了各种量子搜索算法中步骤的精确界。量子搜索算法的这种重新表述也使得能够详细分析其与环境耦合所引起的退相干效应。结果表明,在完全退相干的情况下,环境不仅会使量子搜索失效,即发现标记态的概率不变,而且还可能使量子搜索算法比预期的要差:当环境表现出量子特性时,会降低这种概率。

英文摘要:

The search operation for a marked state by means of Grover's quantum searching algorithm is shown to be an element of group SU(2) which acts on a 2-dimensional space spanned by the marked state and the unmarked collective state. Based on this underlying structure, those exact bounds of the steps in various quantum search algorithms are obtained in a quite concise way. This reformulation of the quantum searching algorithm also enables a detailed analysis of the decoherence effects caused by its coupling with an environment. It turns out that the environment will not only make the quantum search invalid in case of complete decoherence, where the probability of finding the marked state is unchanged, but also it may make the quantum search algorithm worse than expected: It will decrease this probability when the environment shows its quantum feature.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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