发表机构
Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems; Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Centrale Med, Institut de Physique de Nice（马克斯·普朗克复杂系统物理研究所; 蔚蓝海岸大学、法国国家科学研究中心、中央理工-梅兹学院、尼斯物理研究所）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究基于混合量子系统，利用耗散玻色模对量子物质的全局约束，结合李代数表示理论构建具有非平凡结构的大尺寸无退相干子空间，揭示其新奇量子特性与涌现对称性，为可控工程复杂量子关联提供新途径。
AI 中文摘要
我们开发了一种框架，用于构建具有非平凡结构的大尺寸无退相干子空间。该构建基于量子物质与耗散玻色模耦合的混合量子系统，耗散通过在长时间极限下选取物质零态，对物质施加全局约束。由物质零态张成的无退相干子空间可展现出新奇量子特性与涌现对称性，这些特性和对称性并不表征整个李雅普诺夫动力学。我们展示了如何利用李代数表示理论构建具有物理意义的零态多体算符，该方法使我们能基于模型的基础代数结构进行选择。我们明确考虑了将损耗光腔与一维量子粒子的定向隧穿算符耦合的例子，在此情况下，无退相干子空间的对称性源自$\mathfrak{sl}(2,\mathbb{C})$代数，导致出现指数级多的稳态。我们采用解析和数值方法表征了费米子和玻色子粒子的零态，这些态展现出凸显其复杂量子性质的若干特性：长程动力学关联与体积定律纠缠。定向隧穿动力学的非互易性导致在多体区域中出现对称性约束的李雅普诺夫皮肤效应。该开放光-物质系统呈现出源自无自旋$\eta$配对代数的强对称性。我们通过执行含时矩阵乘积态模拟，展示了长时间态的非平凡特性如何从一般初始态的耗散动力学中涌现。我们的框架为耗散工程复杂量子关联以及以可控方式利用非互易性开辟了途径。
英文摘要
We develop a framework to construct large decoherence-free subspaces with a non-trivial structure. The construction is based on hybrid quantum systems in which quantum matter is coupled to a dissipative bosonic mode. Dissipation imposes a global constraint on the matter by selecting the matter null states in the long-time limit. The decoherence-free subspaces spanned by matter null states can exhibit exotic quantum properties and emergent symmetries that do not characterize the full Liouvillian dynamics. We show how to construct many-body operators with physically interesting null states by employing representation theory of Lie algebras. This approach allows us to choose models based on their underlying algebraic structure. We consider explicitly the example of coupling a lossy optical cavity to the directed tunneling operator of quantum particles in one-dimension. In this case, the symmetries of the decoherence-free subspace originate in an $\mathfrak{sl}(2,\mathbb{C})$ algebra, leading to an exponentially large number of steady states. We characterize the null states for both fermionic and bosonic particles, employing analytical and numerical methods. The states exhibit several properties that underline their complex quantum nature: long-range kinetic correlations and volume-law entanglement. The nonreciprocal nature of the directed tunneling dynamics leads to the emergence in the many-body regime of a symmetry-constrained Liouvillian skin effect. The open light-matter system exhibits a strong symmetry stemming from spinless $η$-pairing algebras. We show how the non-trivial properties of the long-times states emerge in the dissipative dynamics from generic initial states, by performing time-dependent matrix product state simulations. Our framework opens avenues for dissipatively engineering complex quantum correlations and harnessing nonreciprocity in a controlled manner.
CommentsArXiv abstract abridged, see full abstract in the manuscript
