arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv quant-ph/9709033quant-phphysics.atom-ph
收藏

量子两态系统中的退相干和耗散

Decoherence and Dissipation in Quantum Two-State Systems

M. Grigorescu

摘要:

利用由变分原理得到的随机非线性Liouville方程描述了量子系统与经典热浴相互作用中密度算符的布朗动力学.环境的自由度由经典谐振子模拟,而量子系统的动力学变量是两个非厄米的“平方根算子”,由密度算子的高斯分解定义。噪声引起的跃迁率表示为环境谱密度的函数,并讨论了白噪声和黑体辐射的情况下。结果与量子环境所确定的速率进行了比较,通过在整个希尔伯特空间中的部分跟踪计算。数值计算了两个量子态系统的冯诺伊曼熵和耗散能随时间的变化关系。这些是限制在谐波阱中的离子的质量质心振动的基态和第一激发态。

英文摘要:

The Brownian dynamics of the density operator for a quantum system interacting with a classical heat bath is described using a stochastic, non-linear Liouville equation obtained from a variational principle. The environment's degrees of freedom are simulated by classical harmonic oscillators, while the dynamical variables of the quantum system are two non-hermitian "square root operators" defined by a Gauss-like decomposition of the density operator. The rate of the noise-induced transitions is expressed as a function of the environmental spectral density, and is discussed for the case of the white noise and blackbody radiation. The result is compared with the rate determined by a quantum environment, calculated by partial tracing in the whole Hilbert space. The time-dependence of the von Neumann entropy and of the dissipated energy is obtained numerically for a system of two quantum states. These are the ground and first excited state of the center of mass vibrations for an ion confined in a harmonic trap.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑